Urban Sociology Research Papers

Prior research reveals the interrelations between gentrification and policing, yet this paper introduces the unheard perspective of the of police on their role in gentrification. The study focuses on South Tel Aviv, which houses... more

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- by hadas zur
- •
- 7
  Digital Divide, Security, Gentrification, Urban Studies

The debate about the same sex marriage bill in France has launched a significant sequence of politicization and assertion in the streets for the conservative Catholics. Though mobilization declined after the law was passed, these... more

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- by Josselin Tricou and +1
  Marie Balas
- •
- 8
  Ethnography, Debate over Same-Sex Marriage, Urban Sociology, Catholicism

In this historical phase, cities are intensely crossed by processes and practices of appropriation and re-appropriation of places and life environments. Motivations are at different levels: necessity, political and personal. The fieldwork... more

25 years since the conception of the ‘24-hour city’ and the subsequent birth of the ‘night time economy’ in academic literature and policy, this study investigates the impact of the night time economy on a London borough. Through... more

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- by Tom Gill
- •
- 10
  Social Policy, Urban Planning, Governance, Creative Industries

Abstract: This paper presents an argument for considering issues of class in analyses of communicative planning projects. In these projects, class interests tend to be obscured by the contemporary preoccupation with the class-ambiguous... more

Whoredom in the Wild West has created a plethora of pseudo-historical “memorabilia”, artifacts that have become part of popular culture. Brothel tokens are part and parcel of the “Wild West” image portrayed by the media and western... more

The analysis of territorial phenomena usually bypasses the role of local political entities as crucial decision-makers and market regulators, focusing instead on the role of developers and housing preferences of home-buyers. In contrast,... more

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- by Sofia Pagliarin
- •
- 3
  Urban Studies, Urban Sociology, Urban Sprawl

En zengin 62 kişinin, dünyanın %50’sine tekabül eden 3,6 milyar insan ile eşit mal varlığına sahip olduğu bir dünyada yaşıyoruz. En zengin 20 ülkenin geliri, en fakir 20 ülke gelirinin tam 46 katı daha fazla. Küresel adaletsizliğin bu... more

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- by Humanitarian and Social Research Center (INSAMER) and +1
  Emin Emin
- •
- 33
  Finance, Sociology, Economic Sociology, Political Sociology

In 1997, landscape architect Walter Hood published a monograph called "Urban Diaries" in which he studied the parks and open spaces in West Oakland, redeveloped through the Model Cities Program of 1970. In a period of about twenty years,... more

This thesis is a study of Tottenham High Road, and how the urban blocks which comprise its depth are composed. Depth has a number of components: architecture, space and time; depth is the armature in which people live their social lives,... more

This thesis is a study of Tottenham High Road, and how the urban blocks which comprise its depth are composed. Depth has a number of components: architecture, space and time; depth is the armature in which people live their social lives, and the place where local cultures emerge. The conception of depth offers a way of capturing urban life in its richness and its reciprocities. The literature about high streets offers few detailed analyses of their spatial and psycho-social ordering and this thesis seeks to fill that gap. The approach is a hermeneutics of praxis, using ethnographic methods, in-depth interviews, and situating the information spatially using architectural drawing techniques. It offers a novel method of investigating and understanding the structures and processes which make up the high streets and which, in aggregate, make the whole city. Tottenham High Road is used here as a case study, a vehicle through which to interpret evidence about the existence and nature of depth, with its manifold structures. Understanding depth is vital to understanding high streets, so this thesis allows a deeper and richer interpretation of high streets than has previously been possible.
There is a problem in planning orthodoxy around high streets, typified in Tottenham: the richness of depth is flattened and codified, in order to frame swathes of city as sites from which to reap economic reward. In fact, depth contains all of human life, and understanding it, therefore, is an ethical responsibility for planning. Depth has a number of characteristics, ordered by different processes and forces. Firstly, physical order, shaped by both economic and social forces. For example, the most public uses are found in the 'shallowest' parts of depth, and these are the most valuable sites because they command the greatest passing trade. Secondly, depth has a social order, through playing out of place ballet by people as they live their lives. The social order operates interdependently and reciprocally with the physical order of depth. Commitment between people and places (citizenship) results in special place cultures, which are hosted in depth. Depth has variation in the scope of decorum from the outer edge of the block to the centre: more things are possible inside the block than at its edge.
The insights about depth in this thesis are relevant to many areas of life: to planning, to politics and to existing theory, because depth provides an account for the ethical order in which other areas of human life take place. With an understanding of depth it is possible to evaluate planning proposals, efforts at ensuring political participation, to shed light on existing theories such as Cosmopolitanism, and to add a valuable layer of information about the real structures of London to the existing literature.

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- by Jane Clossick
- •
- 9
  Urban Geography, Architecture, Ethnography, Urban Planning

https://violenciaesp.hypotheses.org Programas de erradicación de “villas miseria”, construcción de autopistas, creación de pueblos estratégicos, rediseño de espacios públicos, edificación de estadios y readecuación de ciudades para la... more

https://violenciaesp.hypotheses.org

Programas de erradicación de “villas miseria”, construcción de autopistas, creación de pueblos estratégicos, rediseño de espacios públicos, edificación de estadios y readecuación de ciudades para la “fiesta mundialista”: estos son algunos de los proyectos territoriales y urbanos realizados durante la dictadura militar en Argentina (1976-1983) que esta exposición examina. Una reorganización espacial realizada a todas las escalas y en todas las regiones del país, que impactó directamente sobre amplios sectores de población, transformando de manera duradera a la sociedad argentina.

Aproximarse a las políticas de creación y remodelación espacial de la dictadura nos permite comprender el “mundo nuevo” que las Fuerzas Armadas quisieron construir.Esta exposición explora la génesis de estos proyectos urbanos, pero también el modo en que las sociedades heredan, recuerdan y utilizan estas infraestructuras en la actualidad. Todo este conjunto de proyectos urbanos constituye hoy un legado material con el que convivimos. Por un lado, como condición de posibilidad de procesos de acumulación desigual de bienes, servicios, tierras y recursos. Por el otro, como parte de procesos de empobrecimiento, exclusión y marginación. Sin embargo, estos espacios no son una estructura fija y algunas veces la sociedad ha logrado modificar o resignificar esos mismos lugares. Incluso durante los años de la dictadura existieron casos de resistencia colectiva.

La violencia se encuentra no sólo en las características mismas de estos programas, sino también en sus modalidades de implementación. Parques o complejos habitacionales diseñados y edificados por imposición, sin consenso ni control, no son sólo infraestructura sino la evidencia material y espacial de un régimen que quiso reorganizar la ciudad y el campo de manera radical. Los desplazamientos, los desalojos, la apropiación de bienes como tierras y viviendas son expresiones espaciales de violaciones de derechos de personas y comunidades al trabajo, a la salud, a un ambiente sano, a la vida. Estas violaciones tienen efectos sociales concretos: hay alguien desplazado, alguien desposeído de sus bienes, alguien a quien le fue negado el acceso a los recursos necesarios para reproducir su vida. Esta exposición pone en evidencia que hay situaciones espaciales de flagrante injusticia espacial producidas o refrendadas por políticas llevadas a cabo en este contexto autoritario.

No es el monumento, el estadio o el edificio en sí mismo lo que invitamos a mirar en esta exposición. No existió una dictadura fecunda en edificios y modernización, distinta y separada de aquella que llevó a cabo la desaparición sistemática de miles de personas. Esta exposición explora una forma de gobierno en la que la violencia fue un elemento constitutivo y donde, al mismo tiempo que se diseñaban los circuitos del terror y que los espacios de vida eran objeto de vigilancia permanente, se organizaban ferias infantiles, mundiales de fútbol, la “buena gestión” de la basura, el patrimonio cultural o el turismo. No hubo un gobierno de violencia y otro productivo. Hubo un solo gobierno que inscribió la violencia en el espacio y que hizo del espacio el medio y el lugar para crear de manera autoritaria una nueva sociedad.

Pamela Colombo y Carlos Salamanca

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- by Pamela Colombo and +1
  Carlos Salamanca
- •
- 7
  Human Geography, Latin American Studies, Violence, Space and Place

Urban policy and particularly, the knowledge base and fundamental assumptions behind the same have rarely been the subject of scholarship in India. This book fills in this gap by de-constructing urban policy and asking some critical... more

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- by Ståle Holgersen
- •
- 20
  Urban Geography, Marxism, Urban Planning, Class

L’educazione, la pedagogia e l’intervento sociale godono di brutta fama fra i sinti. Ne hanno sperimentato il lato violento, forzatamente assimilazionista. I sinti sono un «popolo resistenza» che è stato capace di fronteggiare i... more

L’educazione, la pedagogia e l’intervento sociale godono di brutta fama fra i sinti. Ne hanno sperimentato il lato violento, forzatamente assimilazionista. I sinti sono un «popolo resistenza» che è stato capace di fronteggiare i dispositivi rieducativi predisposti nei loro confronti, sebbene con enormi costi personali. Nei mille rivoli dell’intervento sociale, tuttavia, è possibile scorgere anche altre pratiche educative che hanno accompagnato questi gruppi, sostenendone l’emancipazione e l’autodeterminazione. Le iniziative raccontate in questo «inserto» mostrano una modalità tutta diversa di concepire il rapporto fra potere ed educazione. Il primo articolo riassume i principali assunti della «pedagogia zingara» che si è sviluppata negli anni ’60 a partire dalle interpretazioni della «crisi» dei gruppi sinti dovuta all’industrializzazione delle campagne. Nonostante la pervasività delle modalità «ri-educative» esercitate nei confronti dei sinti, l’articolo mostra anche come le pratiche pedagogiche siano andate via via differenziandosi, prendendo distanza da concezioni discriminanti. Pur non essendo superate le forme di intervento di stampo assistenziale e segregante, gli ultimi anni hanno visto fiorire una pluralità di forme di accompagnamento educativo all’insegna del sostegno alle capacità degli individui e dei gruppi. Il secondo articolo racconta un caso emblematico: l’équipe di educatori di una cooperativa di Trento che, riconoscendo le difficoltà e le contraddizioni del proprio intervento con i sinti, ha deciso di intraprendere un percorso di ripensamento delle proprie pratiche. Questa capacità riflessiva ha portato il gruppo ad approfondire la pedagogia freiriana e scoprirne i potenziali fecondi ed euristici. Il terzo articolo approfondisce perciò questioni di metodo e di approccio di Paulo Freire, e segnala i principali insegnamenti che l’esperienza trentina con i sinti consegna al sapere pedagogico. Nel «bazar» di questo numero Mattia Civico riflette sul modo con cui la politica locale si è messa in interazione con i sinti per pensare una legge a loro tutela. L’inserto si conclude con un dialogo su una seconda esperienza: quella del servizio di sviluppo di comunità del Comune di Venezia. Anche in questo caso la dimensione dell’apprendimento è stata centrale per intraprendere percorsi di mediazione con il territorio, di empowerment e di miglioramento delle condizioni abitative. La conflittualità che ha caratterizzato gli anni più recenti ha spinto gli operatori a una maggiore comprensione delle strategie che i sinti adottano per dare senso al contesto in cui vivono.

The latest encampments in public spaces, such as Occupy Wall Street, Taksim Square and Syntagma Square, have highlighted the significance of public space in shaping social, economic and political struggles around the world. In this paper,... more

This dissertation examines Istanbul as a geographical and historical totality and focuses on four different and integral parts of this totality: its Ottoman past, its dalliances with modern planning attempts, the city’s death throes in... more

During the 1990s, a long historical cycle of Bucharest came to an end. From the mid-19th century on, industry became an important economic and cultural presence in Bucharest's landscape. During the last 10-15 years it began to contract.... more

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- by Veronica Fincati
- •
- 6
  Immigration, Urban Studies, Housing, Migration Studies

In this piece, I argue that the city of Cairo has witnessed unprecedented urban transformations for the past 4 years, owing to urban wars and confrontations during the two regimes that followed Mubarak's ouster. Street politics, although... more

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- by Mona Abaza
- •
- 4
  Urban Sociology, Public Space, Arab Spring (Arab Revolts), Cairo

"Aux frontières de l’achevé, de l’établi, de l’ordonné, du centre et du dominant, se trouvent le précaire, l’instable, le désordre, la périphérie et le dominé : une relation dynamique voire conflictuelle existe entre ces deux réalités,... more

A lecture given to EdD students at the University of East London on strategies to employing education policy discourse analysis.

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- by Andrew Wilkins
- •
- 70
  Critical Theory, Business, Management, Marketing

Urban Sustainability in Theory and Practice responds to the crises of sustainability in the world today by going back to basics. It makes four major contributions to thinking about and acting upon cities. It provides a means of... more

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- by Paul James and +2
  Andy Scerri
  Liam Magee
- •
- 25
  Social Theory, Ontology, Social Sciences, Sustainable Production and Consumption

Surabaya is one of the cities in Indonesia that preserves the traditional kampungs all around the city. New town CitraLand for example, maintains relation by making access to kampung surroundings. It is not walled entirely. This... more

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- by Salmina W Ginting
- •
- 6
  Architecture, Urban Planning, Urbanism, Urban Sociology

This article examines the conception of the everyday city as presented in the work of architect Christopher Alexander and architectural theorist Bill Hillier: Both thinkers suggest that, in the past, lively urban places arose... more

O II Seminário de Direito à Cidade: regularização fundiá- ria para quem?, segundo da série de seminários sobre o tema, realizado em parceria pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito Constitucional (PPGDC) da Universidade Federal Flu-... more

O II Seminário de Direito à Cidade: regularização fundiá- ria para quem?, segundo da série de seminários sobre o tema, realizado em parceria pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito Constitucional (PPGDC) da Universidade Federal Flu- minense (UFF), pelo Programa de Pós-graduação em Arqui- tetura e Urbanismo (PPGAU) da Universidade Federal Flumi- nense (UFF), pelo Programa de Pós-graduação em Sociologia e Direito (PPGSD) da Universidade Federal uminense (UFF) e pelo pelo Programa de Pós-graduação em Direito (PPGD) da Universidade Estácio de Sá (UNESA), reuniu nos dias 15 e 16 de maio de 2017, Faculdade de Direito da UFF, um conjunto de pesquisadores, docentes, discentes, militantes e interessa- dos em geral, visando a promover debates e re exões para o aprimoramento do campo de estudos sobre o direito à cidade.
Sempre buscando abrir e dar espaço para a construção popular do saber, o II Seminário de Direito à Cidade teve, em praticamente em todos os seus painéis, em paridade de gênero, a participação de representantes da sociedade civil, militantes de movimentos sociais, rea rmando o posicionamento de que o aprendizado encontra-se também na prática e na luta cotidiana.
O presente livro contém resultado de trabalhos elaborados a partir de apresentações orais e debates realizados nos seguintes painéis: Histórico da Regularização Fundiária; O Direito achado na cidade: Novas Práticas; Experiências da regularização; e
Desconstrução da MP 759. A programação contou, ainda, com a apresentação de pesquisas empíricas produzidas por mestres do PPGAU-UFF, além de grupos de trabalho com variados eixos temáticos que contaram com a participação de pesquisadores(as) de diversas regiões do Brasil e até do exterior.
O primeiro painel contou com a participação da professora Gizlene Neder (PPGSD-UFF) e da liderança comunitária do Largo da Batalha, Luiz Carlos Corrêa Mattos, ex-presidente da Federação das Associações de Moradores do Município de Niterói, ambos trazendo experiências no contexto histórico do processo de regularização fundiária, possibilitando a re exão sobre a di culdade de se efetivar o conceito de função social da propriedade, apesar do arcabouço jurídico.
O painel “Direito achado na cidade: Novas práticas” contou com a participação de diversos representantes de movimentos sociais, como Maria Lourdes (MUCA – Movimento Unido dos Camelôs), Tomas Ramos (Movimento Ocupa Carnaval) e Rebeca Brandão (Coletivo Leão Etíope do Méier), atém do professor Alexandre Bernardino Costa (PPGD-UnB). Através da exposição da realidade cotidiana percebida pelos integrantes do painel, pontos importantes foram levantados sobre o direito à cidade, entre os quais o papel da cultura como instrumento de luta para uma cidade mais inclusiva; o modelo de cidade negócio que acaba por tolher o exercício do direito dos camelôs de trabalharem; e a relação do cidadão periférico com o modelo de cidade vigente.
A terceira mesa foi formada pela professora Regina Bienenstein (PPGAU-UFF) e pela Coordenadora do Núcleo de Terra e Habitação (NUTH) da Defensoria do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, a defensora pública Maria Lucia Pontes, e trouxe as experiências de regularização que participaram nos últimos anos, as di culdades encontradas nesse processo e exemplos positivos que possam servir de parâmetro no futuro.
A “Desconstrução da MP 759” foi o tema da última mesa, que contou com a participação do Coordenador Estadual do Mo- vimento dos Trabalhadores Sem-Teto (MTST), Vitor Guimarães, além do professor Alex Magalhães (IPPUR-UFRJ), que apresen- taram os principais pontos da medida provisória que trata da regularização fundiária rural e urbana, pontuando as questões em debate no momento, e revelando os motivos pelos quais tal medida pode servir para a retirada de direitos atinentes ao tema.
Nesse sentido, os trabalhos aqui publicados representam o que foi debatido na Universidade Federal Fluminense com o objetivo de contribuir com a temática do direito à cidade, em especial sobre a regularização fundiária.
Pela grande contribuição para esta obra, especialmente nos trabalhos de lmagem dos painéis e transcrição de falas, é im- portante consignar o agradecimento a Daniele Barbosa, Bianca Toledo, André Matheus, Larissa Couto, Felipe Romão, Lucas Pontes, Cecilia Pires, Loyua Ribeiro e Gabriela Cassab.
Por m, cabe registrar que a viabilização desta publicação, que tem evidente retorno social, somente foi possível graças ao nanciamento público obtido por meio de fomento da Fun- dação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FA- PERJ). Edital: Apoio Emergencial aos Programas de Pós-gra- duação Stricto Sensu do RJ (2015). Outorgado: Prof. Dr. Enzo Bello. Instituição: Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF).

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- by Enzo Bello and +1
  Bianca Rodrigues Toledo
- •
- 10
  Human Rights, Urban Sociology, Urban citizenship, Citizenship

A philosophy initiated by a pioneer redirects its course from the proposed ideology when the origin ceases to exist. In this case, it happens to be the OLD MAJOR; an old wise pig. Staying by chance not by choice in the setting of MANOR... more

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- by alisha acharya
- •
- 5
  Philosophy, Architecture, Literature, Urban Sociology

This book is the first of its kind to use historical studies and architectural research to outline Shanghai’s pragmatic developments dominated largely by its politics. Professor Reinhard Goethert from Massachusetts Institute of Technology... more

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- by Non Arkaraprasertkul
- •
- 14
  History, Anthropology, Chinese Studies, Urban Politics

Cities have become creative spaces of total consumption, which constantly refuel the theoretical and practical bases of our consumer society. It is a further stage of the “fantasy city” (Hannigan): McDonaldization (Ritzer) and... more

Cities have become creative spaces of total consumption, which constantly refuel the theoretical and practical bases of our consumer society. It is a further stage of the “fantasy city” (Hannigan): McDonaldization (Ritzer) and Disneyization (Bryman) have been largely metabolized and so-called “non-lieux” (Augé) have often become the most significant spaces and have helped to build new glocal identities. In such a context, theming – and particularly historical theming – has become a powerful and effective tool, since it gives a robust structure to the multiple and dynamic processes of mingling that characterize our liquid society (Bauman, 2000). Theming merges past and present, culture and leisure, originals and copies, as well as tourism and shopping, and gives an effective framework to this mingling, which is, at the same time, material and immaterial, visual and emotional, sensorial and experiential.
The relationship with the past is particularly interesting. The central archaeological area of Rome has become a sort of theme park, owing to the huge flows of tourists that it receives and the process of Disneyization that it has undergone, though – unlike many other Italian heritage towns, such as Venice and Florence – Rome still preserves a significant local identity and an urban life that goes far beyond tourism. The theming is present in its urban context owing partly to tourism and partly to the usual culturalization of consumption (hotels with Roman names, restaurants with Roman menus, resin souvenirs of the Colosseum, T-shirts with gladiators and legionaries etc.). We can single out the theming even in some of its most iconic places. The area of the Colosseum and forums, together with Via dei Fori Imperiali, which crosses and unites them, appears as an invisible and diffused theme park: a specialized district for leisure and cultural consumption where archaeological heritage acts as an attraction. It is not a leisure space themed to archaeology, but an archaeological space used as a theme park. Legionaries and gladiators for pictures and re-enactors act as living attractions.
Other spaces contribute to this process. Cinecittà, the dream machine of a boundless park, has helped to build the image of Rome and to theme the city. Its studios host film sets, which are at the same time a themed environment, an unusual archaeological site and a place where the myth of Rome is continually reshaped. Though distant from the main archaeological area, these studios are tied to it by an invisible thread, since they play an important role in the definition of its image. Outside the city, but inside its territory, there is also a small themed district formed by a Roman-themed outlet, “Castel Romano,” and an amusement park, “Cinecittà World”, themed to the studios that nurtured the golden age of Italian cinema.
Similarly, north of Rome, near Civitavecchia, where giant cruise ships bring huge tourist flows, a group of businessmen is trying to create “Roma Vetus”, a pharaonic theme park with reconstructions of many Roman monuments. In line with the current trends of experiential and sensory tourism, visitors would be allowed to relax in Roman baths, mint coins and grind grain. Groups of re-enactors would give life to the park, but visitors themselves would be enabled to rent costumes of gladiators, centurions and senators. We are clearly in the world of entertainment, far away from the open-air archaeological museums with their reconstructions and living-history activities. Its creators maintain that “Roma Vetus” will be used at the same time as theme park and a set for films and TV series. This park is probably destined to remain the dream of a minor group of daring speculators, but it clearly represents the dynamics at work in our liquid world.

Yep, fuck it. Neoliberalism sucks. We don't need it.

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- by Simon Springer
- •
- 180
  Critical Theory, Management, Marketing, History

Rapid adoption and expansion of the CCTV systems in Turkey as well as all over the world have produced a fair amount of ―technological determinism‖ among many law enforcement officials, which Norris and Armstrong (1999, p. 9) define as... more

Rapid adoption and expansion of the CCTV systems in Turkey as well as all over the world have produced a fair amount of ―technological determinism‖ among many law enforcement officials, which Norris and Armstrong (1999, p. 9) define as ―an unquestioning belief in the power of technology‖. As a matter of technological determinism, politicians and the public continue to myopically expect that the exclusive responsibility of preventing crime rest on the police-monitored CCTV cameras. Conversely, policy makers may be better informed if they consider why the law enforcement agencies should invest in the installation of the CCTV cameras in public areas based on the research. In fact, a well-designed evidence based paradigm in the CCTV literature is likely to reveal the truth about the question of ―does it work?‖
In addition to all previous methodological efforts, empirical evaluations in the CCTV literature are still needed to account for alternative perspectives to measure their effectiveness in the deterrence of crimes. Therefore, the present study focused on the concepts of environmental criminology, namely "crime risk at place". This research also considered the environmental risk values that might identify ―environmental conditions under which cameras would be most effective‖ (Caplan et al., 2011, p.271). Thus, the concept of ―Environmental risk value" provided a unique methodological approach to the police- monitored CCTV literature.
This study examined the impact of the metropolitan city of Bursa‘s city-wide system

and certain individual police-monitored CCTV camera‘s views used to scan the landscape, respectively on street level, including aggravated assault, auto theft, thefts from autos, and larceny theft crime incident numbers in a spatial distribution of locations; and analyzed whether the environmental risk value effects on the deterrent effect of police-monitored CCTV cameras on aforementioned crime types. To accomplish that statistical analyses (paired t test, location quotient, and regression models) and risk terrain modeling (RTM) were conducted in this dissertation.
Three important findings were found in this study. Firstly, city-wide system effect indicated that larceny thefts and thefts from auto experienced significant reduction. However, aggravated assaults and auto thefts were not. Secondly, the results from assessing the deterrent effect of certain individual police-monitored CCTV cameras on aggravated assaults, larceny thefts, thefts from autos and auto thefts were mixed. Finally, each individual CCTV camera has a unique environment – environmental risk value that influences its deterrent effect on – aggravated assaults, larceny thefts, thefts from autos and autos theft. Further, the affect was discernable and in positive direction for each crime type.
Environmental risk value assessments can advance our understanding of the deterrent effect of CCTV cameras at their viewshed areas. So environmental risk sites must be taken into account when the decision process concerning CCTV cameras is made by local and national level policy makers, police agencies and politicians who try to establish where the most appropriate location to install police-monitored CCTV cameras is. In this respect RTM can be considered as a pre intervention tool so that police agencies can measure the deterrent effect of CCTV before installation. Such a pre-evaluation process increases the capacity for effective police management and crime prevention strategies in police agencies.

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- by Emirhan Darcan PhD.
- •
- 27
  Sociology, Criminology, Social Sciences, Spatial Analysis

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- by Andrew Woolford
- •
- 4
  Stigma, HIV/AIDS, Urban Studies, Urban Sociology

Article considers particularities of Lviv identity. Researchers examine structure of Lviv identity and process of its interaction with the national (Ukrainian) and global (often presented as European) discourses. One of the key issues... more

Article considers particularities of Lviv identity. Researchers examine structure of Lviv identity and process of its interaction with the national (Ukrainian) and global (often presented as European) discourses. One of the key issues explored in this article is whether category "Lvivite" is simply an image (or images) with which inhabitants of Lviv identify (nominal identity), or, possibly, they, form an active social group (real identity). This article is based on a cross-regional trend sociological survey "Lviv-Donetsk: sociological analysis of group identities and hierarchies of social loyalties" conducted in 1994, 1999 and 2004; sociological survey "Attitudes of Lviv dwellers towards construction works in a heritage preservation zone and their vision of city development perspectives" (May 2007), sociological survey "Lviv identiry" (December 2007). Ключові слова: львівська ідентичність, національна ідентичність, український і європейський дискурси, номінальна і реальна ідентичності. Нашу дискусію навколо поняття "львівська ідентичність" ми розпочнемо з аналізу основних теоретичних підходів до феномену ідентичності. Ідентичність-латинське identificare-ототожнювати. Як відомо, найраніші розробки цього поняття відносять до школи психоаналізу й авторів символічного інтеракціонізму. Зокрема Дж.Мід та Ч.Кулі розглядали формування ідентичності через процеси інтерналізації ролей шляхом інтеракції, що полягає у співвіднесенні власних уявлень з точкою зору "значущих інших". Відповідно, ідентифікація розглядається як взаємозалежний процес, котрий потребує від учасників кооперування при виконанні своїх ролей для реалізації заданих відносин. Р.Дженкінс [1], представник так званого "процесуального інтеракціонізму", виділяв індивідуальну та колективну ідентичності, вважаючи, що їх можна розглядати як дві сторони одного і того самого процесу. Відповідно, він виокремлює два поняття-"номінальна ідентичність" та "віртуальна ідентичність". Перше вказує на назву, ім'я, а друге-на реальне втілення ідентичності. На думку автора, перше з них відбиває зовнішній вимір ідентичності, друге-внутрішній, а їхнє співвідношення-ту діалектику зовнішнього і внутрішнього, яка є ключовою для його роботи [2, с.70-71]. Ще один підхід до концепції ідентичності розвивається у рамках сучасних теорій дискурс-аналізу. Представниками одного з таких напрямків є Е.Лакло і Ш.Муфф [3]. Відповідно до їх теорії і індивідуальна, і колективна ідентичності зорганізовані згідно з тими ж принципами, котрі визначають і дискурсивні процеси. На думку авторів, суб'єкт не є автономним, а визначається дискурсами. На відміну від фрейдистського та інтеракціоністського підходів, представники дискурс-аналізу не вважають, що ідентичність є інтеґративною чи стійкою, для них суб'єкт завжди фрагментований, оскільки його позиція не визначається тільки в один спосіб і тільки одним дискурсом, натомість різні дискурси приписують йому багато різних позицій [4, с.75-76]. В сучасній українській соціології розробкою поняття ідентичність займалися С.Макєєв, С.Оксамитна, Є.Швачко, Н.Костенко, А.Ручка, Н.Черниш, О.Мусієздов та інші. Стосовно існування ідентичностей львів'ян не може виникати жодних сумнівів. Проте питання полягає в тому, чи йдеться про ідентичність львів'ян чи про львівську ідентичність? У першому вислові-слово "львів'яни" скоріше вказує на факт проживання в одному місті, який сприймається як групоутворююча ознака, коли аналізуються ієрархії чи зміст ідентичностей його мешканців. Відповідно основна ідентичність (тобто ототожнення себе з певною групою) таких "львів'ян" може бути або ширшою за Львів, як-от: українці чи робітники, чоловіки чи жінки, або вужчою, наприклад, мешканець певного району Львова-Замарстинова, Сихова тощо. І зовсім не обов'язково вони відчуватимуть свою спільність з іншими мешканцями цього міста. Натомість словосполучення "львівська ідентичність" вказує на існування спільності між людьми, що витворюється на основі: а) усвідомлення існування ідеальної "львівськості", тобто певних зразків поведінки та цінностей, які притаманні всім/"справжнім" львів'янам, б) визнання цих цінностей за свої і прагнення поводитися як всі/"справжні" львів'яни. Тут можемо уявити ситуацію, коли індивід, який переїхав в інше місто чи країну, продовжує зберігати і демонструвати свою львівську

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- by Viktoria (Viktoriya) Sereda and +1
  Danylo Sudyn
- •
- 3
  Urban Studies, Memory Studies, Urban Sociology

De senere år har der i Danmark været en udbredt debat om «ghetto»-områder, hvor bestemte boligkvarterer er blevet gjort til genstand for negativ opmærksomhed politisk og i medierne. På baggrund af et casestudie af NGO’en GAME, der bygger... more

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- by Anne-Lene Sand
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- 6
  Sociology, Education, Participation, Urban Sociology

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- by Metrolab Brussels and +1
  Mathieu Berger
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- 13
  Action Research, Refugee Studies, Urban Studies, Humanitarian Intervention

This paper presents a frame work for hardware acceleration for post video processing system implemented on FPGA. The deblocking filter algorithms ported on SOC having Altera NIOS-II soft core processor.SOC designed with the help of SOPC... more

The following paper aims to analyse the symbolic-political structures of the utopic imaginary, particularly focusing on the Late Medieval and Renaissance literary and architectural sources. A theoretical distinction is preliminarily made... more

Ignore the neoliberal naysayers — rent control is an important tool in our battle for housing justice. We need universal rent control now.

By Amee Chew and Katie Goldstein

https://jacobinmag.com/2019/06/universal-rent-control-now

This entry deals with the issue of temporary uses of spaces as a particular form of urban development based on use agreements that allow for the use of vacant land or buildings for a nominal – or no – rent. Such forms of land use have... more

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- by Nina Gribat
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- 8
  Architecture, Urban Planning, Urban Studies, Urbanism

Данный выпуск журнала создан по итогам двух исследовательско-образовательных программ «Лаборатория городских исследований», проведенных в городе Ош и городе Алматы в апреле-мае 2017 г. В рамках Лаборатории участники познакомились с... more

Urban Sociology

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