System Integration

3D-Integration is a promising technology towards higher interconnect densities and shorter wiring lengths between multiple chip stacks, thus achieving a very high performance level combined with low power consumption. This technology also offers the possibility to build up systems with high complexity just by combining devices of different technologies. For ultra thin silicon is the base of this integration technology, the fundamental processing steps will be described, as well as appropriate handling concepts. Three main concepts for D integration have been developed at IZM. The approach with the greatest flexibility called Inter Chip Via - Solid Liquid Interdiffusion (ICV-SLID) is introduced. This is a chip-to-wafer stacking technology which combines the advantages of the Inter Chip Via (ICV) process and the solid-liquid-interdiffusion technique (SLID) of copper and tin. The fully modular ICV-SLID concept allows the formation of multiple device stacks. A test chip was designed and...

Abstract. For analytical systems of Lienard form in the case of zero eigenvalues of its linear part is obtained the algebraic criterion of the centre existence, which is analogous to the Cherkas's criterion for systems with imaginary eigenvalues of linear part. We give the solution of ...

Neurodegenerative diseases have a variety of different genes contributing to their underlying pathology. Unfortunately, for many of these diseases it is not clear how changes in gene expression affect pathology. Transcriptome analysis of neurodegenerative diseases using ribonucleic acid sequencing (RNA Seq) and real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) provides for a platform to allow investigators to determine the contribution of various genes to the disease phenotype. In Alzheimer's disease (AD) there are several candidate genes reported that may be associated with the underlying pathology and are, in addition, alternatively spliced. Thus, AD is an ideal disease to examine how alternative splicing may affect pathology. In this context, genes of particular interest to AD pathology include the amyloid precursor protein (APP), TAU, and apolipoprotein E (APOE). Here, we review the evidence of alternative splicing of these genes in normal and AD patients, and recen...

A Ku-band 140 W space TWT of gain (>54 dB), electronic efficiency (>23%), collector efficiency (>74%), overall efficiency (>54%), I/M components (<-10dBc) for frequency 10.7-11.9 GHz has been created and fabricated for satellite communication arrangement. This paper proposes critical design issues and techniques associated with different assemblies like electron gun, PPM focusing, helix SWS, input & output couplers, and 3-stage depressed collector in order to meet the exacting prerequisite of space TWTs.

We demonstrate the capability of a laser micromachining workstation for cost-effective manufacturing of a variety of microfluidic devices, including SU-8 microchannels on silicon wafers and 3D complex structures made on polyimide Kapton® or poly carbonate (PC). The workstation combines a KrF excimer laser at 248 nm and a Nd3+:YVO4 DPSS with a frequency tripled at 355 nm with a lens magnification 10X, both lasers working at a pulsed regime with nanoseconds (ns) pulse duration. Workstation also includes a high-resolution motorized XYZ-tilt axis (~ 1 um / axis) and a Through The Lens (TTL) imaging system for a high accurate positioning over a 120 x 120 mm working area. We have surveyed different fabrication techniques: direct writing lithography,mask manufacturing for contact lithography and polymer laser ablation for complex 3D devices, achieving width channels down to 13μ m on 50μ m SU-8 thickness using direct writing lithography, and width channels of 40 μm for polyimide on SiO2 pla...

This paper describes a proposal for enhanced visualization of a data-­‐mining model generated with Association Rule (AR) techniques by applying Self-­‐Organizing Maps (SOM). A representation of visual percep-­‐ tion model of AR based on a method called AVM-­‐DM (Augmented Visualiza-­‐ tion Models for Data Mining) is established, together with data and pat-­‐ terns, which support the visual exploration stage, thus fitting in the context of the KDD (Knowledge Discovery in Databases) process. This methodology seeks to answer generic user questions regarding the inner workings of the model, BLOCKIN BLOCKIN and BLOCKIN

This article presents a selection of the most recent findings in the fields of geology and archelogy of the Amazon and discusses how current scientific research can be useful in the production of environmental histories of the Amazon Forest. From the Miocene, around 20 million years ago, when the west of the forest was a wetland, to the Holocene, roughly 11 thousand years ago, when humans moved into the forest, the fields of Amazon geology and Amazon archaeology have shed light on the deep past of the region. Contributions of both fields can assist environmental historians to paint a fuller picture of the Amazon’s deep past.

Safety is of paramount concern in aerospace and aviation. Safety has evolved over the years, from the technical era to the human-factors era and organizational era, and finally to the present era of systems-thinking. Building upon three foundational concepts of systems-thinking, a new safety concept called “integration-in-totality principle” is propounded in this article as part of a “seven-principles-framework of system safety”, to act as an integrated framework to visualize and model system safety. The integration-in-totality principle concept addresses the need to have a holistic ‘vertical and horizontal integration’, which is a key tenet of systems thinking. The integration-in-totality principle is illustrated and elucidated with the help of a simple “Rubik’s cube model of integration-in-totality principle” with three orthogonal axes, the ‘axis of perspective’ of vertical integration, and the two ‘axes of perception and performance’ of horizontal integration. Safety analysis alo...

Clinical pharmacy services (CPS) have been evolving worldwide. However, it is estimated that CPS are not yet integrated into the Brazilian healthcare system. Thus, the objective of this study is to identify factors that influence the integration of CPS into the healthcare system and propose strategies for this integration. A methodological development study was conducted from August 2016 to September 2017. Thus, interviews were conducted with key informants to identify barriers, facilitators, and strategies for CPS integration. Then these collected data were organized and confronted with the literature. Finally, a nominal group defined strategies for the integration of CPS into the Brazilian healthcare system. Interviews were conducted with five managers and seven decision-makers who listed 19 barriers and 20 facilitators. From these results, the nominal group proposed 41 integration strategies and prioritized five: formalize CPS; agree on care flows and referral protocols; evaluate...

Teacher preparation institutions all over the world are focused on providing experiences for preservice teachers so they will learn to use technology and then meaningfully integrate those technologies into the learning process. Because of its complexity, this task has been quite challenging for most teacher education programs. It challenges all teacher educators involved in preparing preservice teachers to think critically about the role of technology throughout the entire teacher education curriculum and the ...