Renewable Energy

The European Union has the ambition to be the first carbonneutral continent by 2050. To fulfil this objective and integrate into the grid the large amount of power from solar and wind, Europe can rely upon the high storage and flexible capacity of hydropower. Thus, new reservoirs and innovative use of current reservoirs will be needed to provide an effective contribution to this unprecedented European Green Deal. The project Hydropower Europe, funded by the H2020 research programme, is tasked with identifying innovative uses of reservoirs and prioritizing the associated innovation actions targeting an energy system with high flexibility and renewable share. The project deliverables are a Research and Innovation Agenda (RIA) listing the top strategic research and innovation directions and a Strategic Industry Roadmap (SIR) addressing non-technical actions and requests for the hydropower sector. This paper describes the vision of the project: “Hydropower as a catalyst for the energy t...

The monitoring of power generation installations is key for modelling and predicting their future behaviour. Many renewable energy generation systems, such as photovoltaic panels and wind turbines, strongly depend on weather conditions. However, in situ measurements of relevant weather variables are not always taken into account when designing monitoring systems, and only power output is available. This paper aims to combine data from a Numerical Weather Prediction model with machine learning tools in order to accurately predict the power generation from a photovoltaic system. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model is used to predict power outputs from a real installation located in Puglia (southern Italy) using temperature and solar irradiation data taken from the Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) sflux model outputs. Power outputs and weather monitoring data from the PV installation are used as a reference dataset. Three training and testing scenarios are designed. In the f...

This document addresses the development of a novel methodology to identify the actual maintenance factor of the luminaires of an outdoor lighting installation in order to assess their lighting performance. The method is based on the combined use of Radiance, a free and open-source tool, for the modeling and simulation of lighting scenes, and GenOpt, a generic optimization program, for the calibration of the model. The application of this methodology allows the quantification of the deterioration of the road lighting system and the identification of luminaires that show irregularities in their operation. Values lower than 9% for the error confirm that this research can contribute to the management of street lighting by assessing real road conditions.

Most of the turbines used in Nepal are medium or high head turbines. These types of turbines are efficient but limited for rivers and streams in the mountain and hilly region which have considerably high head. Low head turbines should be used in the plain region if energy is to be extracted from the water sources there. This helps in the rural electrification and decentralized units in community, reducing the cost of construction of national grid and also to its dependency, in already aggravated crisis situation. There are good turbine designs for medium to high heads but traditional designs for heads under about 5m (i.e. cross flow turbine and waterwheel) are slow running, requiring substantial speed increase to drive an AC generator. Propeller turbines have a higher running speed but the airfoil blades are normally too complicated for micro hydro installations. Therefore, the open volute propeller turbine with constant thickness blades was ventured as possible solution. Such type ...

During Warsaw NATO summit cyberspace has officially become a new domain of operations in which NATO must defend itself as effectively as it does in the air, on land, and at sea. According to this declaration, NATO members must achieve abilities to conduct cyber operations. This declaration shows distinctly that partners in NATO need to have defensive and offensive capabilities to interoperate with allies during cyber activities. However, the proper functioning of armed forces in a multi and international environment, their cross-sectoral cooperation in time of peace, war, and a crisis situation depends on terminology and common language. Unfortunately, different NATO countries have their own set of terms and definitions. Sometimes cyber terminology is strongly distant. The lack of a unified conceptual apparatus for cyber activities poses a serious barrier to interoperate in cyberspace. The article presents a theoretical basis of cyber terminology based on research carried out by the...

Concerns about global warming and climate change are generating interest in renewable energy measures with the purpose to minimize environmental impact. Promoting renewable energy production becomes indispensable since its represent a tiny fraction of energy consumed. The purpose of this study is to identify the performance determinants are divided in country specific advantages and firm specific advantages. Companies were selected from Bloomberg and filtered due to its information ava ilability from COMPUSTAT to construct a Panel Data structure. The results proved that both country level (shares of renewable and energy consumption) and firm level (market capitalization, employee growth rate and capital intensity) determinants were signi ficant in the renewable energy industry. Through the analysis, it’s possible to realize that return on assets it’s a performance measure with long term results, but unlike it, gross profit margin is variable that demonstrate short term results. We c...

The choice of the optimal orientation of the solar panels is by far one of the most important issues in the practical application of solar installations. The use of phase changing materials (PCMs) is an efficient approach of storing solar thermal energy. Because PCMs are isothermal in nature, they provide better density energy storage and the capacity to function across a wide temperature range. Unfortunately, this feature is very rare on various solar power panels; however, ignoring it can reduce the performance of the panels to unacceptable levels. The fact is that the angle of incidence of rays on the surface greatly affects the reflection coefficient and, consequently, the role of unacceptable solar energy. In this paper, a smart energy harvesting model was proposed. In the case of glass, when the angle of incidence varies vertically from its surface to 30, the reflection coefficient is practically unchanged and slightly less than 5%, i.e., more than 95% of the radiation goes in...

Sisa hasil pemanfaatan batubara sebagai bahan bakar pada PLTU menghasilkan limbah  fly ash dan bottom ash dalam jumlah yang cukup banyak dan belum ada pemanfaatan dari limbah PLTU, jadi dikawatirkan dapat menimbulkan dampak yang berbahaya bagi lingkungan sekitar. Limbah yang banyak dimanfaatkan saat ini adalah fly ash, sedangkan untuk bottom ash masih minim pemanfaatannya. Biobriket campuran bottom ash batubara dan arang tempurung kelapa bisa menjadi alternatif bahan bakar baik digunakan untuk rumah tangga maupun industry kecil. Keunggulan yang dimiliki biobriket ini adalah murah dan ekonomis karena dapat untuk memproduksinya dapat dilakukan dengan sederhana dan mudah, panas yang dihasilkan nantinya juga cukup tinggi, serta bottom ash batubara yang tersedia cukup melimpah yang berasal dari beberapa PLTU yang ada di Kalimantan Selatan. Arang tempurung kelapa berasal dari hasil dari pengolahan tempurung kelapa yang di proses menjadi arang dan potensi tempurung kelapa di Kalimantan Sel...

One-Stop School is a government innovation in compulsory education programs in Remote, Scattered, and Isolated (3T) areas. Realizing skilled and independent students is the vision of SMPN Satu Atap Tambelang. The condition of SMPN Satu Atap Tambelang is still limited in infrastructure, school operational costs are minimal, input from students with learning motivation is still lacking, and the economic status of the majority of the economy is substandard. The entrepreneurship program is a choice of solution that matches the characteristics of SMPN Satu Atap Tambelang. This program , which is indeed the competence of the principal, is carried out through the development of insights (theory) to actualization (practice) in the field. The entrepreneurship program is a process to get a creative, innovative, unyielding, responsible, disciplined, and other entrepreneurial spirit . During the program implementation process, students, totaling 64 people, were observed using instrument sheets ...

Direct torque control (DTC) is an advanced and simple control method for induction motor drive has many advantages over other variable frequency control methods, but it has a common disadvantage of high torque ripple. This paper introduces design and analysis for DTC of induction motor drives using the switching table, hysteresis controllers and flux and torque estimator. This paper also proposes improvement of the conventional DTC using the improvement of the switching table and the application of the artificial intelligent techniques to minimize the torque, flux and current ripples and to get better performance of the motor. At the end of this paper there is a comparison between the conventional DTC and the proposed one. Keywords-Induction Motor Drive; Direct Torque Control (DTC); switching table; flux and torque estimator; artificial neural networks (ANN) ; Fuzzy logic control (FLC).

Objectives : This article provides a comparative analysis of boron removal for brackish water reverse osmosis (BWRO), boron selective ion exchange (IX), or capacitive deionization (CDI) processes. Permeate of 1st-Pass RO process has to be post-treated for additional boron removal. Hence, we experimentally analyzed the performance of boron removal and specific energy consumption (SEC) of three aforementioned processes and investigated whether the processes are suitable for 2nd pass process of RO desalination.Methods : Raw feed water was prepared using NaCl and B(OH)3. Semi-pilot scale RO and IX systems (over 1 m3/hr capacity) and bench scale CDI system (over 2.5 L/min) were tested for performance comparison. Boron concentration was measured using Azomethine-H method for feed and product water. Energy consumption was monitored by using power quality analyzer.Results and Discussion : Each process has its own operating conditions. The RO process required high pH of feed water for high b...

Pakistan receives Direct Normal Irradiation (DNI) exceeding 2000 kWh/m²/annum on approximately 83% of its land, which is very suitable for photovoltaic production. This energy can be easily utilized in conjunction with other renewable energy resources to meet the energy demands and reduce the carbon footprint of the country. In this research, a hybrid renewable energy solution based on a nearly Zero Energy Building (nZEB) model is proposed for a university facility. The building in consideration has a continuous flow of water through its water delivery vertical pipelines. A horizontal-axis spherical helical turbine is designed in SolidWorks and is analyzed through a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis in ANSYS Fluent 18.1 based on the K-epsilon turbulent model. Results obtained from ANSYS Fluent have shown that a 24 feet vertical channel with a water flow of 0.2309 m3/s and velocity of 12.66 m/s can run the designed hydroelectric turbine, delivering 168 W of mechanical power...

The transition to a more environmentally friendly energy matrix by reducing fossil fuel usage has become one of the most important goals to control climate change. Variable renewable energy sources (VRES) are a central low-carbon alternative. Nevertheless, their variability and low predictability can negatively affect the operation of power systems. On this issue, energy-system-modeling tools have played a fundamental role. When exploring the behavior of the power system against different levels of VRES penetration through them, it is possible to determine certain operational and planning strategies to balance the variations, reduce the operational uncertainty, and increase the supply reliability. In many developing countries, the lack of such proper tools accounting for these effects hinders the deployment potential of VRES. This paper presents a particular energy system model focused on the case of Bolivia. The model manages a database gathered with the relevant parameters of the ...