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2021, ArXiv
The cleft lip and palate (CLP) speech intelligibility is distorted due to the deformation in their articulatory system. For addressing the same, a few previous works perform phoneme specific modification in CLP speech. In CLP speech, both the articulation error and the nasalization distorts the intelligibility of a word. Consequently, modification of a specific phoneme may not always yield in enhanced entire word-level intelligibility. For such cases, it is important to identify and isolate the phoneme specific error based on the knowledge of acoustic events. Accordingly, the phoneme specific error modification algorithms can be exploited for transforming the specified errors and enhance the wordlevel intelligibility. Motivated by that, in this work, we combine some of salient phoneme specific enhancement approaches and demonstrate their effectiveness in improving the word-level intelligibility of CLP speech. The enhanced speech samples are evaluated using subjective and objective e...
Poster presented at 9th Conference on Laboratory Phonology (LabPhon9), University of Illinois Urbana- Champaign, USA, 24-26 juin
Articulatory weakening of an apical obstruent: lambdacized and rhotacized forms in Italian dialects.2004 •
… Research, Institute of Linguistics, University of …
Velum and Epiglottis behaviour during the production of Arabic pharyngeals and laryngeals: a fiberscopic study1991 •
2020 •
This dissertation describes the sound system of the Sikles variety of Gurung, or Tamu Kyui, a Tibeto-Burman minority language of Nepal. Drawing on data collected with the help of Sikles Gurung speakers living in Nepal and New York between 2014 and 2018, it presents evidence that the phonetics and phonology of this variety differ from descriptions of other varieties. Major findings include contrastive vowel duration, a 2-category register system rather than the 4-tone system reported for other varieties, and allophonic secondary consonant articulations assigned by the backness of adjacent vowels and glides. The secondary articulation system is linked to the three glides described for Sikles Gurung: palatal, labiovelar, and unrounded velar. The unrounded velar glide corresponds to the low or central glides described for closely related languages. Sikles Gurung is best analyzed with a 3-way laryngeal contrast for word-initial obstruents, supported by voice onset time measurements. As is reported for other Tamangic languages, obstruent laryngeal contrasts interact with the register system, although in Sikles the asymmetric distribution of contrasts across each register category is linked to obstruent place of articulation. The distinction between the phonological and grammatical word is invoked to account for additional asymmetries in the number of contrasts permitted in different syllables. This dissertation also examines allophonic post-stopped nasals, the lateral fricative, and six word-final lenition processes, all of which are characteristic features of the Gurung spoken in Sikles Village. It argues that the word-final lenition processes are tied to contrastive vowel duration and secondary consonant articulations, and draws parallels with sound changes reported for other Tibeto-Burman languages. As analyzed in this dissertation, Sikles Gurung patterns closely with other Tibeto-Burman languages of Nepal, and may show fewer contact effects than is reported for other varieties.
2014 •
The aim of this thesis is to give a phonological account of acoustic variation and reduction. It is argued that phonological representations are uneven and include information about the relative strength of the segmental and subsegmental units composing them. This unevenness implies a distinction between the invariant – the “phonetic essence” of a word, which is practically undeletable – and other units which can be dispensed with under certain circumstances. In the first chapter I compare different theoretical approaches to the problem of acoustic variation, in particular with reference to generative phonology and exemplar-based theories. In the second chapter I propose a model which combines aspects of Optimality Theory, Element Theory and usage-based linguistics. Additionally, I discuss the role of acoustic salience in the formation of the invariant. In chapter three, typological and experimental data are examined in order to establish a salience scale for consonants. In chapter four, the results of the acoustic analysis of four dialogues extracted from a corpus of spoken Italian are presented. As expected, highly salient consonants are preserved to a greater extent than less salient ones. In chapter five I attempt to identify the phonological correlates of acoustic salience and discuss other factors which may favor reduction and deletion, among which predictability. In chapter six I draw some conclusions, deal with some pending issues and suggest future directions for research. Lo scopo di questa tesi è di rendere conto della variazione e della riduzione acustica da un punto di vista fonologico. Secondo il modello che propongo, le rappresentazioni fonologiche sono disomogenee e racchiudono informazioni sulla forza relativa delle unità segmentali e subsegmentali che le compongono. Questa disomogeneità implica una distinzione tra l’invariante, o “essenza fonetica” di una parola, che è praticamente incancellabile, e altre unità di cui, in certe circostanze, si può fare a meno. Nel primo capitolo vengono confrontati diversi approcci teorici al problema della variazione acustica, facendo riferimento in particolare alla fonologia generativa e alla Teoria degli Esemplari. Nel secondo capitolo, oltre a proporre un modello che combina aspetti della Teoria dell’Ottimalità, della Teoria degli Elementi e della linguistica usage-based, si discute anche il ruolo della salienza acustica nella formazione dell’invariante. Nel terzo capitolo vengono esaminati dati tipologici e sperimentali per costruire una scala di salienza delle consonanti. Il quarto capitolo presenta i risultati dell’analisi acustica di quattro dialoghi estratti da un corpus di italiano parlato. Come previsto, le consonanti più salienti vengono conservate più frequentemente di quelle meno salienti. Nel quinto capitolo si tenta di individuare i correlati fonologici della salienza acustica e vengono discussi altri fattori che possono favorire la riduzione e la cancellazione, tra cui la predicibilità. Nel sesto capitolo si traggono alcune conclusioni, vengono trattate alcune questioni irrisolte e si suggeriscono delle future linee di ricerca.
2018 •
Author(s): Estes, George Alexander | Advisor(s): Rauch, Irmengard | Abstract: This dissertation investigates three sound changes in the early history of Germanic with an approach grounded in phonetics. Historical phonology has traditionally focused on the articulatory aspects of change (e.g., Hoenigswald 1960; King 1969). However, more recent work in phonetics on sound change has emphasized the acoustic and auditory aspects of sound change, alongside the articulatory (e.g., Beddor 2009; Blevins 2004; Ohala 1981). The present work has two goals: first, to advance the state of research on the sound changes in question; and second, to show how the findings of modern laboratory phonetics can complement the study of historical phonology.In Chapter 2, I review past approaches to sound change, as well as more recent work in phonetics. In Chapter 3, I consider OHG i-umlaut, a longstanding problem in the field. Although umlaut-type changes are common in Germanic, and other types of vowel har...
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