Nobility

El 5 de marzo de 1575 moría don Luis de Requesens en Bruselas, después de un empeoramiento continuo de su salud por las dificultades físicas y mentales que tuvo que superar en su etapa de gobernador de los Países Bajos. El deterioro hasta su muerte es rastreable a través de la documentación, que buscaba que el rey le liberara de su gobierno a través de cartas muy profundas donde exponía su situación particular con precisión. Tras la muerte, se abrió el testamento que había realizado en Milán justo antes de emprender el camino que le llevaría a sustituir al duque de Alba. Este es un documento extenso, en el que veremos la clara exposición de Requesens como un noble que actuaba como conector de la nobleza catalana y castellana.

SEGUIMOS LA HUELLA DE DON TURPÍN ACOMPAÑADO DE DON DALIMÁN EN UN SEGUNDO DOCUMENTO DEL CARTULARIO DE FITERO DATADO EN 1158 DONDE RAIMUNDO ABAD DE CASTELLÓN HACE PERMUTA DE SUS PROPIEDADES EN CASCANTE POR LAS HEREDADES QUE TIENE PEDRO ARAGONÉS EN TUDEJÉN. UNA MERA TRANSACCIÓN ECONÓMICA QUE RETRATA A SUS ACTORES Y SU ESTATUS SOCIAL Y QUE INCLUYE LA CLAÚSULA REGNANTE ANODINA: “Regnante S[ancio] rege, filio Imperatoris. in Castella, R[aimundo] in Aragone et in Barchinona, Turpinus in Cascant.” INSTITUYENDO UNA SUERTE DE PRINCIPADO ECLESIÁSTICO PARA NUESTRO DON TURPÍN LOCALIZADO EN CASCANTE: "TURPINUS IN CASCANT".

Subnanometer-sized metal clusters often feature a molecule-like electronic structure, which makes their physical and chemical properties significantly different from those of nanoparticles and bulk material. Considering potential applications, there is a major concern about their thermal stability and susceptibility towards oxidation. Cu clusters of only 5 atoms (Cu5 clusters) are first synthesized in high concentration using a new-generation wet chemical method. Next, it is shown that, contrary to what is currently assumed, Cu5 clusters display nobility, beyond resistance to irreversible oxidation, at a broad range of temperatures and oxygen pressures. The outstanding nobility arises from an unusual reversible oxidation which is observed by in situ X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy on Cu5 clusters deposited onto highly oriented pyrolitic graphite at different oxygen pressures and up to 773 K. This atypical property is explained by a theoretical appr...

En este trabajo abordamos desde la perspectiva de la historia social y de manera longitudinal el estudio trigeneracional de marinos de la familia Oquendo que más alto llegaron en las armadas de los Austrias. Mediante el análisis comparativo de los inventarios de bienes post mortem de los generales Miguel de Oquendo y Segura (1588), don Antonio de Oquendo (1640), y don Miguel de Oquendo y Molina (1681) examinaremos por una parte el universo material de los tres capitanes generales y trataremos de caracterizar a los individuos, así como su trayectoria y ascenso social.

Miguel García-Fernández (2023): "Castelo de Castro Caldelas", fascículo n.º 5 del coleccionable "30 castelos e torres galegas para descubrir un reino", coord. Héitor Picallo. Santiago de Compostela: Sermos Galiza S.A. [ISBN: 978-84-09-54926-9].

The article deals with the fundamental transformation of the Grand Tour of the nobility from the Czech and Austrian Lands during the first half of the 18th century. The author shows they moved from the thorough mastering of the aristocratic habits to the extensive education mainly in the field of public law in order to be able to participate in the activities of central and provincial bureaucratic institutions of the Austrian Habsburg Monarchy. The Catholic nobles started to study law at the universities in Protestant countries (mainly in Leiden and Leipzig), the attractiveness of the United Provinces, the Duchy of Lorraine and Imperial area (instead ofItaly and France) increased significantly and the young nobles shortened the time dedicated to the noble exercises. At the end, the author tries to compare this situation with the Grand Toursof the Polish nobility.

Resumo: A presente pesquisa aborda as relações de poder construídas na província de Minas Gerais ao longo do século XIX tendo como objeto central de análise a nobilitação dos principais grupos políticos mineiros. Partindo de uma revisão sobre os estudos da nobiliarquia brasileira, optamos por destacar algumas das principais correntes interpretativas para aprofundar posteriormente as titulações dos nobres em Minas Gerais como um poderoso indicativo da construção das relações de poder em uma das províncias mais importantes do Brasil no Oitocentos. A análise da nobreza mineira pode se revelar como um indicativo dos processos de povoamento e da construção das relações de poder no Estado Brasileiro.: This research addresses to power relations built in the province of Minas Gerais throughout the 19th century, with the central object of analysis the nobleness of the major political groups from Minas Gerais. Starting from a review on Brazilian nobiliary studies, we opted to highlight some o...

A expansão da cultura cafeeira na segunda metade do século XIX transformou a Zona da Mata mineira na mais rica região da Província de Minas Gerais para o período em questão. Esta importância econômica não se traduziu automaticamente em poder político sendo que, a antiga ...

The essays on hospital care in the Crown of Castile have been characterized as local analyses and have been carried out by the monarchy at the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Modern Age. This article consists of a comparative exercise of the economy of three Castilian hospitals in Medina de Pomar and Briviesca, institutions and
towns under the influence of the nobility, specifically, the Fernández de Velasco family. Through the study of the expenses it is possible to measure the economic transformations between these three hospitals, tending to a greater disbursement in specialized professionals, medicines and religiosity. The transition to the Modern Age did not eliminate the pious elements of these buildings; on the contrary, it intensified the rituality of charity.

Desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria que incluye la historia, la filosofia y la antropologia, el texto analiza el caciquismo y el clientelismo y encuentra que ambos constituyen un fenomeno cuyo origen esta en Espana y no en el mundo prehispanico, pese a que la palabra cacique es americana. Se muestra tambien que es posible abordar el fenomeno en sus manifestaciones subjetivas y en sus practicas cotidianas, para lo cual son utiles la filosofia de Leopoldo Zea y la antropologia del don. Se trata de un fenomeno social que va mas alla de la politica y que en la antigua metropoli se encuentra hasta el siglo xx. Estas constataciones permiten reabrir el debate sobre caciques y clientelas

La dimensione cerimoniale caratterizza fortemente la vita delle corti italiane del secolo XV come della società e della cultura medievale; proprio dal Medioevo la società rinascimentale ricava molteplici spunti e occasioni per riattualizzare numerose pratiche festive. Il Rinascimento delle corti italiane fa sfoggio dell’ ideale propriamente umanistico della magnificentia attraverso l’esibizione e la messa in scena di apparati festivi, la cui realizzazione è affidata all’ingegno ed alla fantasia dei contemporanei architetti o scultori, che spesso e volentieri si fanno scenografi, obbedienti alle direttive del potere.
In particolare, la Milano degli Sforza offre numerosi esempi di come la dimensione e la vita festiva occupi un ruolo fondamentale nella dinamica di comunicazione del potere centrale del signore con il popolo intero. Storici, scenografi, artisti (si pensi a Leonardo), poeti, si prestano più volte a legittimare attraverso la loro opera tali avvenimenti, conferendo un’immagine di eternità al potere che essi stanno a rappresentare. Una delle personalità più interessanti del variegato panorama dell’ Umanesimo settentrionale, Tristano Calco, ci consente di ottenere una visione ancor più nitida del fenomeno attraverso la lettura di una sua vera e propria «trilogia delle nozze», cronachette che a differenza del rigore metodologico della sua opera storica maggiore, si lasciano spesso andare a divagazioni propagandistiche, pur non tralasciando il Calco il tradizionale impianto cronachistico e la descrizione documentata degli eventi nuziali e delle feste.

THE QUEST FOR INDEPENDENCE BY A FEMALE LANDOWNER: THE CASE OF APOLINARA ŽABAITĖ-PLIATERIENĖ Summary Making extensive use for the first time of the surviving archives from Dusetos manor, the article analyses the attempts by the landowner Apolinara z Żabów Platerowa (~1780–1847) in the first half of the 19th century to become the sole owner of large estates. The laws of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania did 81 not prevent women from inheriting their parents’ manors and managing them under the supervision of their husbands, and widows were granted lifelong support from their late husbands’ manors. However, Apolinara Plater sought to take over the property of her husband Count Kazimierz Plater (1779–1819) while he was still alive, and this was against Lithuanian law. Her main intention was to protect the estates at Aluotos, Dusetos and Padustėlis, which formed the inheritance of Kazimierz Plater, and his sons Władysław (1808–1889) and Cezary (1810–1869), from confiscation. The article analys...

Dans les sociétés européennes du XVIIe siècle, sauf exceptions, les gens naissaient et demeuraient inégaux en droits. La noblesse représentait un statut largement convoité, mais sa définition faisait l’objet de controverses incessantes, exprimées par des livres publiés par centaines : les traités nobiliaires. Qui était noble et qui ne l’était pas ? Comment justifier cette distinction fondamentale ? Comment définir la noblesse des femmes ? Pouvait-on devenir noble ? Que signifiait la rhétorique du « sang » et de « l’occulte semence » ? C’est sur ces problèmes sociaux que s’écharpaient les théoriciens dans l’Espagne des derniers Habsbourg, dans l’Angleterre des Stuarts et de la révolution, ainsi que dans la France d’Henri IV, de Louis XIII et de Louis XIV.

Ce livre met en lumière les auteurs, les traducteurs et les libraires impliqués dans la production des traités nobiliaires, ainsi que leurs lecteurs. Il propose un regard comparatif sur les théoriciens et les traités anglais, français et espagnols. En analysant les interactions entre média et société, et en envisageant l’écriture et la publication comme des actions, l’enquête révèle la permanence, l’intensité et les enjeux de ces luttes de définition de l’ordre social.

Comme de nombreuses paroisses de la banlieue de Paris, le village du Grand Charonne (auj. 20e arrondissement) est un lieu de villégiature prisé des élites parisiennes dès le Moyen Âge. Le phénomène est bien documenté à partir du XVIIe siècle et les sources des XVIIIe et XIXe siècles permettent de le mesurer avec précision. Il atteint son apogée à la fin de l’Ancien Régime. « La situation de ce village sur la pente d’un coteau fait que l’on y voit de jolies maisons de campagne », nous dit Thiéry dans son Guide des amateurs et des étrangers voyageurs à Paris, publié en 1787. On y dénombre alors près d’une trentaine de maisons qui, avec leurs jardins clos, occupent la majeure partie de l’agglomération villageoise. Le plus souvent construites sur des parcelles initialement destinées à l’habitat et à l’exploitation agricoles, elles disparaissent progressivement à partir de la Révolution, à la faveur d’un mouvement que l’on pourrait qualifier de « reconquête horticole ».

Like many parishes in the suburbs of Paris, the village of Grand Charonne (now the 20th arrondissement) has been a popular holiday destination for the Parisian elite since the Middle Ages. The phenomenon is well documented from the seventeenth century onwards and sources from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries allow it to be measured precisely. It reached its peak at the end of the Ancien Régime. "The location of this village on the slope of a hillside means that one can see pretty country houses," Thiéry tells us in his Guide des amateurs et des étrangers voyageurs à Paris, published in 1787. At the time, there were nearly thirty houses which, with their walled gardens, occupied most of the village agglomeration. Most often built on plots of land initially intended for housing and farming, they gradually disappeared from the Revolution onwards, thanks to a movement that could be described as a "horticultural reconquest".

Este libro se encarga de recorrer la Historia Argentina a través de los fortines y las estancias que se han levantado alrededor del Partido de General Villegas, a su vez, repasa (que no viene nada mal) la época de la conquista del Desierto y la llegada de los inmigrantes a nuestro país, su alojamiento y su forma de vida durante finales del siglo XIX y principios del XX.
        Se hace énfasis en un lugar en particular; Emilio V. Bunge, por ser uno de los primeros pueblos fundados en dicho Partido; con su gente y sus oficios.

The nobility of the priest is to be Christ's sole representative on earth and to mediate between God and men. The nobility of a priest is not just an office or an ordinary position, but the priest is a noble job that people do not have. Through literature research from John Chrysostom there are two important points in the nobility of the priest. First, what is the nobility of the priest, Second, discuss the role of the pastor in the spirituality of the congregation. The nobility of the priest ultimately leads man to experience or unite with the Triune God.Keluhuran imam adalah menjadi wakil Kristus satu-satunya di bumi dan menjadi pengantara Allah dan manusia. Keluhuran seorang imam bukan hanya jabatan atau kedudukan yang biasa-biasa saja namun imam adalah suatu pekerjaan yang mulia yang orang tidak miliki. Melalui penelitian literatur dari John Chrysostom ada dua pokok penting dalam keluhuran imam. Pertama, apa itu keluhuran imam, Kedua, mendiskusikan peranan gembala dalam kero...

Tras la muerte en Toledo de Enrique III tuvieron lugar toda una serie de ceremonias, ritos, actos políticos, enfrentamientos y negociaciones que marcaron el inicio del reinado de su hijo Juan II de Castilla, en minoría de edad, y anticiparían cómo se iba a desarrollar la regencia. Este trabajo atiende a cómo, en diversos espacios de la ciudad de Segovia, se desarrolló todo ese juego político durante los primeros meses de 1407, así como quiénes fueron sus principales protagonistas. PalabRaS ClavE: Catalina de lancáster, Juan de velasco, Diego lópez de Estúñiga, regencia, conflicto político, ceremonias. abSTRaCT after the death in Toledo of Henri III, a whole series of ceremonies, rites, political acts, confrontations, and negotiations took place and marked the beginning of the reign of his son John II of Castile, his royal minority, and they would anticipate how the regency was going to develop in the future. This work looks at how all this political game was developed during the first months of 1407 in various places throughout the city of Segovia, as well as who were the main actors. KEywoRDS: Catalina de lancáster, Juan de velasco, Diego lópez de Estúñiga, regency, political conflict, ceremonias. * El presente trabajo forma parte del Proyecto HaR2016-76174-P "Expresiones de la cultura política peninsular en las relaciones de conflicto (Corona de Castilla, 1230-1504)", del programa estatal de

Volvidos cerca de dois séculos desde a implementação dos auditores (gerais e particulares), nas diversas províncias, onde actuavam enquanto magistrados com competência para conhecerem das
causas da gente-de-guerra, o legislador português opta pela sua extinção, quase no final do período josefino, devolvendo esta jurisdição aos juízes de fora. A reforma não se caracterizou pela singularidade
ou sequer pela isolação, dada a vetustez da medida, que previa desde os primeiros reinados a presença de letrados nos juízos militares. Por esta razão, já era longo o registo de reformas que tinham sido introduzidas. Neste contexto sobressai ainda uma possível influência exercida pela Real Cédula castelhana datada de 13 de Maio de 1587, que poderá ter correspondido a mais um dos casos em que a construção do modelo judiciário moderno instituído pela Casa de Áustria deixou marcas indeléveis no ordenamento jurídico português.

Two centuries after the creation of the private and general judicial auditors called to apply justice among the «war people», which was the coeval expression to name the military forces billeted in the provinces, this institution was extinguished by a decree ordered at the end of the Portuguese Josephine period that returned that jurisdiction to the crown magistrates. This reform cannot be characterized by its singularity, given the antiquity of the juridical institution, which provided the presence of scholars in military courts since the first reigns. For this reason, the record of reforms that had been introduced was already long. In this context, stands out a possible influence exerted by the Castilian Royal Cédula dated from 13th May 1587, that may have corresponded to one more example in which the judicial archetype established by the House of Austria exerted an indelible mark in the Portuguese legal system.

Throughout that work the differences and similarities of princely and non-princely, but noble, pilgrimages in the German-speaking part of the late medieval times should be outlined with the aid of two concrete examples. The main focus will be on the distinction of princely pilgrimages to pilgrimages of the lower nobility class. In this connection especially the fact is important that a more precise distinction between the two groups of persons rarely takes place in the widely-used German-speaking literature and both groups are used equivalent. To illustrate a more precise distinction throughout the analysis with the two chosen princely pilgrimages there will be used direct quotes at suitable text passages to enable a singularization of the similarities as well as the differences to the pilgrimages of the lower nobility class. Concrete examples constitute the pilgrimages of the dukes Eberhard I. of Wurttemberg and Bogislaw X. of Pomerania. As the analysis progresses there will be hig...