Medieval History

In traditional Romanian society, where the vast majority of the population was illiterate, writing remained mysterious and inaccessible. For the peasants from the Romanian village, writing and the book have acquired separate meanings, being used in a particular way through magico-religious rituals. In order to defend against the action of evil forces and for the healing of the sick body, the traditional community instituted ceremonial, apotropaic and thaumaturgical practices, involving a set of alternative uses of writing. The clerics played an important role in consolidating these practices. The village priests made the written amulets (apocryphal texts, prayers and incantations) intended to be worn closest to the body to ward off unclean spirits which could cause harm to women who had just given birth and to the new-born. Books and writing were seen as repositories of healing forces that could ward off disease and trouble. In the Romanian rural society, between the two World Wars,...

Dubrovnik-Raguse est une république maritime et commerciale majeure à la fin du Moyen Age et au début de l'époque moderne située dans l'Adriatique méridionale, plaque tournante culturelle et médiatrice entre civilisations orientales et occidentale, dotée d'une dichotomie linguistique et d'une polyvalence créatrice entre les mondes latin et slave.

The problematics of medieval baths in Prague is very comprehensive, for understanding we have to begin in ancient history spa, the evolution of barber guild and complete hierarchy of this handicraft. In all history are barbers standing on the edge of society, and they tried to change it. Very important role of barbers was they role as healers. Most informations about baths and spa are from illustrations, which shows us also the equipment of public spa. Part of this equipment is also in archeological sources. One of possible public baths could be on the Vltava river bank in Novomlýnská street. Keywords bath; 14th century; 15th century; archaeology; illumination; surgery; Prague; chronicle

Refractory political culture and economic takeoff in northeastern vendee The bilateral links existing in a given social formation bet\veen the organization of the political system and the economic fabric shed light on the process of local economic development. The article emphasizes the structuring of economic space by local socio-cultural elements, in a context of industrialization in a rural setting, according to the model of industrial districts. Northeastern Vendée provides an interesting example of a fragment in which local synergies facilitate the emergence of an industrial system characterized by the endo-geneity of its mode of development and the growth of a neftvork of small — and medium — sized companies. These local synergies range from the penetration of traditional agricultural organization to the vitality of a religious culture oriented toward the renewal of local elites.

Le roi Arthur Derrière la légende qui a nourri un imaginaire merveilleux et foisonnant, cet ouvrage part à la recherche de l'Arthur historique. À l'appui de multiples sources, il retrace le long processus qui amena, au Moyen Âge, les monarques anglais à se réapproprier cette figure emblématique. Instruments politiques voire idéologiques, Arthur et ses chevaliers de la Table Ronde en viennent à servir les intérêts de la chrétienté avec la quête du Graal, tandis que l'idéal chevaleresque gagne les cours européennes et assure une renommée sans fin au fabuleux monarque. Voici un portrait inédit d'Arthur, souverain d'un univers magique où les hauts faits le disputent aux trahisons, peuplé de dragons, de mages et de belles dames dont les aventures n'ont pas fini de faire rêver. Le roi Arthur est l'exemple le plus frappant d'une légende au service de l'histoire. Amaury Chauou Professeur d'histoire en classes préparatoires littéraires à Rennes et chargé de cours aux universités de Rennes 2 et de Bretagne Occidentale, il a notamment publié L'Idéologie Plantagenêt (PUR, 2001) et Les Plantagenêts et leur cour (PUF, 2019).

The Anglo-Norman Caen stone keep at Norwich was built on the site of the original fortification of earth and timber, probably sometime between c. 1100 and c. 1130. An extravagant expression of royal power and authority, it was originally a royal residence and served as the county gaol for Norfolk from at least 1220 until 1887. The stone walls bear many marks and much armorial or pseudo-armorial graffiti dating from the twelfth or thirteenth to the nineteenth centuries. Some of this graffiti may have been inscribed by those on castle guard, others by those incarcerated within, including prisoners of state captured in conflicts and wars of conquest and revolution.

Alanya, Antalya’nın ilçelerinden biridir. “Türk Rivierasının İncisi”
olarak da bilinen Alanya’nın kuzeyinde Toros Dağları, güneyinde
Akdeniz, batısında Manavgat, doğusunda ise Gazipaşa yer almaktadır.
1.598,51 km²’lik bir alana sahip olan Alanya’nın 2022 yılı verilerine göre nüfusu 364.180’dir. Antik Dönem Kilikya ile Pamfilya arasında sınırda kalan Alanya’nın yerleşim tarihi yapılan kazı çalışmaları ile birlikte Paleolitik Döneme kadar gitmektedir. 1957 yılında keşfedilen Kadıini Mağarası’nda ilk yerleşme izlerine rastlanmıştır. Çalışmada temel amaç günümüzde turistik faaliyetleri ile ortaya çıkmış olan Alanya’nın Cumhuriyet dönemine kadar geçen zaman içindeki yerleşme tarihini ortaya koymaktır. Bunu yaparken literatür araştırması ve arazi çalışması yapılarak gözlem ve incelemeler coğrafi bakış açısı ile sunulmuştur. ArcGIS 10.8 programı kullanılarak yapılan haritalar ile anlatım zenginleştirilmeye çalışılmıştır.
İnsanlar tarih boyu yerleşirken ve şehirler kurarken savunma açısından
elverişli alanları tercih etmişlerdir. Barınma ihtiyacından doğan kendini koruma amacı ile öncelikleri genel itibariyle bu alanda olmuştur. Nitekim tarihin ilk dönemlerinden beri kurulan yerleşmelerde de bunu görmek mümkündür.

Die Tagzeitenliturgie an den drei Tagen vor Ostern Ein liturgietheologischer Beitrag zur Jahresfeier des Paschamysteriums Die Tagzeitenliturgie, der tägliche Gottesdienst der Kirche, zeigt sich an den drei Tagen vor Ostern in einer außergewöhnlichen Gestalt, die von den ältesten erhaltenen liturgischen Quellen bis in die Gegenwart nahezu unverändert bleibt. Die darin erkennbare hohe Wertschätzung lässt vermuten, dass diese Feiern einen substantiellen theologischen Beitrag zur Jahresfeier von Ostern leisten. Die von jeher populär als "Trauermetten" (Tenebrae) bekannten Feiern der Nacht- und Morgenhore von Gründonnerstag bis Karsamstag können auch heute zu der Erfahrung verhelfen, dass "das Stundengebet als öffentliches Gebet der Kirche auch Quelle der Frömmigkeit und Nahrung für das persönliche Beten" (SC 90) ist. Im historischen Aufriss der formativen Phasen seiner Gestaltwerdung von der Kodifikation im Frühmittelalter über die Festschreibung in den nachtridentin...

El 71de febrer de l'any 1427, el ferrer de Cervera, Joan Despuig (o des Puig), sig-nava amb el Capítol de la Seu de Vic el con-tracte per a la construcció de la reixa gòtica que havia de tancar l'altar major de la Catedral. Per fortuna, tant l'obra com el document han pervingut ...

The Museu Episcopal de Vic has in its posses-sion a complete collection of moulds for hosts from the Medieval age. Without doubt, this collection (together with those of the Diocesan museums of Lleida, Solsona, Barcelona and Tarragona) constitutes a compulsory reference when ...

A heraldic codex under number B89.420 is part of the collection of old prints and manuscripts of the Hendrik Conscience Heritage Library in Antwerp. In addition to various coats of arms series, this codex contains a collection of statutes of chivalric orders, chronicles, tractates, herbal recipes, poetry, and iconographic material, written in Latin, German, and Middle Dutch. The heraldic codex is constructed chronologically and compiled between 1433 and approximately 1460. Research by Professor Wim van Anrooij has clearly shown that Hendrik van Heessel is the compiler of this manuscript.
Hendrik van Heessel, Austria Herald and King of Arms of the Ruwieren of the Holy Roman Empire mentioned 1433-1470, served under Emperor Sigismund, king of the Romans Albert II and Frederick III, and Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy.
Hendrik van Heessel has been enjoying growing interest since 2006. Van Anrooij stimulated this interest. The attention in the various publications focuses not so much on his heraldic oeuvre as on his role as a diplomat in the service of Philip the Good.
This article analyses the different drawing styles that can be distinguished in his heraldic codex and the development thereof. It examines why certain coats of arms series are drawn in more detail and what that means. The distinguishable styles will also be linked and compared with some known and unknown heraldic manuscripts.

s'imposa comme l'une des princesses les plus puissantes du XVI e siècle, sans être ni reine ni fille de France. Première femme à porter le titre de régente du royaume, en 1515 et 1525, elle occupa une place éminente à la tête de l'État, tout en rayonnant à la Cour de France. Dotée d'un don pour les affaires politiques et d'une solide culture humaniste, elle porta à son apogée le pouvoir au féminin. Dévouée à la Couronne et à son fils, guidée par un idéal de sagesse, de vertu et de prudence qu'elle eut à coeur d'incarner, elle constitua un modèle pour de nombreuses princesses, parmi lesquelles Catherine de Médicis. Diplomate hors pair, elle s'imposa comme une figure incontournable sur l'échiquier géopolitique européen. Princesse de la Renaissance, elle influença la vie artistique et intellectuelle du royaume par son goût des arts et des livres. Cet ouvrage offre un regard global sur cette personnalité fascinante qui sut réaliser avec un génie sans pareil la synthèse des différentes facettes du pouvoir. Agrégée, docteur en histoire moderne, spécialiste de l'histoire des femmes aux XV e et XVI e siècles, Aubrée David-Chapy est l'auteur d'un Anne de France qui a fait date. Elle assure le commissariat scientifique d'expositions, dont l'une a reçu le label « Exposition d'intérêt national ».

The techniques of ornamentation are diverse and depend on the type of fabric and the knowledge and cultural specificity of the one who applies them. In this article, we will focus on the „bocori” point embroidery, an identity mark of the Huedin fair and its area of influence.

It’s a valuation about the V Centenary of the death of Andrea Mantegna, the expositios during 2006, its catalogues and some publication because of this celebration, to conclude the importance of Leon Battista Alberti in the Mantova of the Gonzaga.

The early 16th-century baptismal font canopy of the church of St. Peter Mancroft, Norwich, is one of only three such structures to survive anywhere in the British Isles. This study, inspired by the recent rediscovery of four attributable panels at the Philadelphia Museum of Art, offers a trans-temporal account of the canopy's initial creation and subsequent use, mutilation, and modification. Written by a team of scholars in art and architectural history, art conservation, heritage documentation, literary studies, and museum curation, it explores the installation's multiple artistic, ritual, and cultural contexts, from late medieval and early modern Europe to modern-day North America.