Medieval accounts

Les rectifications récentes du cours de l’Orain ont provoqué une incision assez considérable de la rivière dans sa plaine, de l’ordre de 2 à 3 m à l’aval du pont du Deschaux sur la D475. De nombreux vestiges archéologiques ont ainsi été mis au jour dans le fond du chenal actuel ainsi que dans ses berges. Des prospections rapides au sol à la limite de la plaine inondable ont révélé l’existence de plusieurs sites en rive droite, dans les sous-bois. L’essentiel du matériel récupéré est d’époque ..

Giovanni Maria Parenti was a learned cleric, poet and grammarian from Modena who wrote a biography of the city's patron saint, St Geminianus, printed in 1495. It is less well known that he also participated in a mission, sent to Hungary by Duke Ercole I d'Este in 1486 headed by the orator Cesare Valentini. Parenti compiled a diary on their journey from Venice to the Hungarian royal court. The twelve-page manuscript is preserved in the State Archives in Modena. The text is not a simple list of places seen, but a lively and eventful account in which anecdotes, praise and sometimes even sharp criticism of the circumstances observed appear. This paper deals with the content of the document, the historical context, and makes an edition of the original text. The final table collects those Valentini letters that are written by Parenti's hand.

La tenue et l’organisation des comptabilites seigneuriales bretonnes ne cessent de s’ameliorer tout au long du xve siecle, sur le modele des comptes domaniaux ducaux. Le present article vise a revenir sur ces progres, en comparant les series conservees pour un espace homogene, la Bretagne meridionale, et suffisamment ample pour degager les grandes perspectives. En s’interessant aux formats des comptes, a leur presentation materielle ou encore aux ornements en tete ou au fil des registres, l’article cherchera a souligner plus largement les mecanismes et les outils employes pour diffuser les modeles, des structures les plus eminentes – les châtellenies, reliees aux institutions centrales par les baronnies dont elles dependent –, aux structures foncieres plus modestes. Des comparaisons avec d’autres espaces seront faites pour remettre en perspective les evolutions bretonnes.

There are many reasons why in a manuscript we can find
deleted or corrected words, phrases or sentences. Besides the obvious
needs of ortographic, grammatical correction we point out that in the
case of diplomatic letters the afterthought can motivate stylistic
changes, or, in the case of the letter drafts that are step by step refined
in the court chancellery, we have the opportunity to detect also
political, historical situations that is hidden by the cancellation. The
examples are taken from the Vestigia database, collection of hundreds
of such letters from the XIVth‐XVIth centuries.

By publishing excerpts from 28 letters written immediately after the death of King Matthias of Hungary (between 5 May and 13 December 1490), held in the Archives of Modena and Mantua, the study aims to highlight that examining the correspondence between the Italian city-states in periods when Italy was involved in Hungarian diplomatic matters can be fruitful to both Hungarica research and Hungarian studies in information history. Following the death of King Matthias,
the news of the succession of the throne were important to Ferrara, Naples, Milan, Venice, and also to Mantua due to Matthias’ active involvement in Italian politics and because of the bride of John Corvinus, Bianca Maria Sforza. The amount of Hungary-related news was unsteady, it varied from a couple of lines to complete reports. The reliability of the informants was also rather questionable. The article
concludes that in Italy there was an information network that revolved around the news from Hungary, which not only transmitted new  messages, but constantly reflected on older information by confirming, refuting, or complementing them.

El Col.legi Seminari de Corpus Christi, fundat per Juan de Ribera (1532-1611), va iniciar la seva activitat el 1605 amb un conjunt important de veus, ministrils i sis infants. Els nens rebrien la formació necessària per poder incorporar-se, després d'un període d'iniciació, a la interpretació de la polifonia amb les seves veus de ti-ple. Entre ells, i al llarg del segle xVII, vint-i-vuit van ser castrats; anomenats comunament capons, més d'un trenta per cent d'aquests infants van ser acomiadats per falta de condi-cions. Sembla, per tant, que l'afició per les veus de castrat que es va anar imposant durant el segle xVII va obtenir un èxit relatiu pel que fa a la seva elecció i continuïtat en aquesta important capella valenciana. ABSTRACT The Chapel of the Corpus Christi Seminary College of Valencia, founded by Juan de Ribera (1532-1611), began its activity in 1605 with a large set of voices, instrumentalists and six children. The children would receive the necessary training to be able to take part, after a period of initiation, in the performance of polyphony with their soprano voices.

Der Einfluss der Freimaurerei auf siebenbürgische gelehrte Gesellschaften, In: Aufgeklärte Sozietäten, Literatur und Wissenschaft in Mitteleuropa, Hg. Dieter Beuer und Gábor Tüskés, in Zusammenarbeit mit Réka Tüskés, Frühe Neuzeit, 229 (229). de Gruyter, Berlin/Boston, 2019, 332–347. ISBN 978-3-11-063375-7

The paper discusses the diary of Bernardino Zambotti, published under the title Diario ferrarese dall’anno 1476 sino al 1504, and its references to Hungary. The majority of these accounts dwell on the lives of Queen Beatrice of Aragonia and her relatives, with a special focus on Ippolito d’Este, the Archbishop of Esztergom. In addition to these entries, I also present the adventures of the Hungarian students, who pursued their studies at the University of Ferrara. The diary also mentions diplomats who were sent both by the kings of Hungary and the dukes of Ferrara, as well as prominent events in the Kingdom of Hungary. Among the references to the emissaries delegated to Hungary, there emerges an interesting account, which offers surprising additional information on the pillaging of the cathedral of Székesfehérvár after the death of King Matthias.

During the period of baronial reform in England, power swung back and forth between king Henry III and a reforming council, eventually dominated by Simon de Montfort. Differences over royal accountability - for example, the right of the county community to have a say over the choice of sheriff, and the need to control the use of royal revenues - proved irreconcilable, and ended in civil war.

How did historians use municipal accounts, often kept in large numbers in cities of different European countries as early as the thirteenth century, in the making of urban history? The purpose of this paper is to examine critically some historiographical milestones on the themes where they have been best exploited: the history of urban economy and societies, municipal finances and taxation, powers and municipal governments. Highlighted here are the heuristic questions and methodological problems that medieval accounts pose to historians as well as the evolution of the approach to those accounts, not only considered as sources for making the history of cities but also as documents to be studied under the angle of their context of production.

Autor(en): Landolt, Oliver Objekttyp: Article Zeitschrift: Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Wirtschafts-und Sozialgeschichte = Société suisse d'histoire économique et sociale Band (Jahr): 12 (1994) Persistenter Link: http://doi.org/10.5169/seals-13469 PDF erstellt am: 13.02.2020 Nutzungsbedingungen Die ETH-Bibliothek ist Anbieterin der digitalisierten Zeitschriften. Sie besitzt keine Urheberrechte an den Inhalten der Zeitschriften. Die Rechte liegen in der Regel bei den Herausgebern. Die auf der Plattform e-periodica veröffentlichten Dokumente stehen für nicht-kommerzielle Zwecke in Lehre und Forschung sowie für die private Nutzung frei zur Verfügung. Einzelne Dateien oder Ausdrucke aus diesem Angebot können zusammen mit diesen Nutzungsbedingungen und den korrekten Herkunftsbezeichnungen weitergegeben werden. Das Veröffentlichen von Bildern in Print-und Online-Publikationen ist nur mit vorheriger Genehmigung der Rechteinhaber erlaubt. Die systematische Speicherung von Teilen des elektronischen Angebots auf anderen Servern bedarf ebenfalls des schriftlichen Einverständnisses der Rechteinhaber. Haftungsausschluss Alle Angaben erfolgen ohne Gewähr für Vollständigkeit oder Richtigkeit. Es wird keine Haftung übernommen für Schäden durch die Verwendung von Informationen aus diesem Online-Angebot oder durch das Fehlen von Informationen. Dies gilt auch für Inhalte Dritter, die über dieses Angebot zugänglich sind. Ein Dienst der ETH-Bibliothek ETH Zürich, Rämistrasse 101, 8092 Zürich, Schweiz, www.library.ethz.ch http://www.e-periodica.ch

Der Finanzhaushalt der Stadt Schaffhausen im Spätmittelalter Ausbildung und Entwicklung des Finanzhaushalts der spätmittel-alterlichen Stadt Schaffhausen stehen im Mittelpunkt der Unter-suchung. Die überlieferten Stadtrechnungen dokumentieren in ausführlicher Form den politischen, wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Alltag in einer spätmittelalterlichen Stadt. Berücksichtigung fin-den die vereinzelt erhaltenen Rechnungen der durch den Stadtrat schon im Laufe des Spätmittelalters über Pfleger kontrollierten Finanzhaushalte der einzelnen Fürsorgeinstitutionen (Heiliggeist-spital, Leprosorium, Spendamt, Elendenherberge) wie auch ein-zelner Kirchen und Kapellen. Diese Sonder-bzw. Nebenhaushalte spielten eine große Rolle in verschiedenen Bereichen des kommu-nalen Lebens. Daneben sind auch die Zünfte und Gesellschaften nach Einführung der sogenannten Zunftverfassung in Schaffhau-sen im Jahre 1411 als organisationelle Einheiten von Bedeutung; wesentliche Aufgaben innerhalb des städtischen Gemeinwesens wurden durch sie übernommen und trugen auf diese Weise zu ei-ner Entlastung des städtischen Finanzhaushalts bei.

Mark of Vysoká chamberlain to King Louis II was sent on a mission to the Ottoman Empire in 1517. His aim was to meet Prince Süleyman, son of Sultan Selim, and if possible also meet the imprisoned Hungarian envoy Barnabas Béley. Mark and his group achieved the aim of their mission in a short time – after 19 days of travel. He kept a detailed record of his stay in the city of Edirne and return journey, but only three fragments survive today. The study presents an analysis of the historical context of the mission and an edition of the surviving fragments of Mark’s record of the journey.

L’étude codicologique et paléographique des comptes des collecteurs pontificaux des provinces ecclésiastiques d’Arles, d’Aix et d’Embrun entre 1274 et 1406 est permise par la conservation de 41 registres aux Archives secrètes du Vatican. L’analyse du papier ou des écritures permet de comprendre la culture comptable des agents de la fiscalité pontificale. Dès le xiiie siècle, une culture commune et stable s’observe. L’élaboration de la comptabilité s’effectue localement par les collecteurs, mais aussi à la Chambre où les documents sont recopiés. L’étroite surveillance des comptes témoigne aussi d’une construction administrative déjà bien élaborée au xive siècle et qui se normalise.

The preservation at the Vatican Secret Archives of 41 registers allows the codicological and palaeographical study of papal collectors'accounts for the ecclesiastical provinces of Arles, Aix and Embrun between 1274 and 1406. Analysing the materials and writings allows us to understand the accounting culture of papal fiscal officers, which appears stable and unified from the 13th century. Accounting is done both locally by the collectors and at the Camera, where the documents are copied. The close surveillance the accounts are under also goes to show how elaborate and regulated the fiscal administration was as early as the 14th century.

Patrizia Cremonini, Jegyzetek a Modenai Állami Levéltárban őrzött magyar vonatkozású forrásokról (Note sulle testimonianze dell'Archivio di Stato di Modena con riferimento alle relazioni Stato estense - Regno d'Ungheria) in, György Domokos, Norbert Mátyus, Armando Nuzzo (a cura di), Vestigia. Mohács előtti magyar források olasz könyvtárakban, Kiadja a Pázmány Péter Katolikus Egyetem Bölcsészet- és Társadalomtudományi Kara Piliscsaba, 2015, pp. 13-30. Gli atti del convegno sono scaricabili all'indirizzo http://vestigia.hu/vestigia.pdf.

Unexplored material related to diverse aspects of Hungarian history is still considerable in Italian archives and libraries. Although efforts have already been made at unearthing such material, the use of the discovered sources is greatly hindered by the lack of any systematization. The project running under the name of Vestigia (www.vestigia.hu) between 2010 and 2015 accordingly aimed at simultaneously exploring new material and presenting it in a systematic manner. Yet
an inherent feature of any such auxiliary study is the fatal shortness of the available time span to carry the project to complete fruition, while no Hungarian project can be planned ahead for more than five years. The research of Hungarica material necessitates continuous work, and the Vestigia – in case it could be continued – aims at completeness with regard to collections in Florence and Venice. Italy in general, however, will still off er a great amount of evidence for the researchers of Hungarian history.

The flour mill has been an essential element in the traditional economy. This book will help you to understand how flour mills were, how they worked and how each piece of this machine is called. It also shows how the mills have changed throughout history. Printed in 1983.
El molí fariner ha estat un element essencial en l'economia tradicional. Aquest llibre ajudarà a comprendre com eren els molins fariners, com funcionaven i com s'anomena cadascuna de les peces d'aquesta maquinària. També mostra com els molins han canviat al llarg de la història. Publicat el 1983.

L'autore analizza il libro dei conti  redatto dal canonico del Capitolo della cattedrale di Aosta Gerard Blaver tra il 1440 e il 1450. Contiene i conti per la costruzione del chiostro tardogotico della cattedrale. Si analizza la struttura contabile e i sistemi di controllo per la loro correttezza adottati dal capitolo in  un epoca interiore all'uso della partita doppia.

RESUMEN Se inicia el trabajo con una breve revisión de los principales factores que a comienzos del siglo XIII limitaban el desarrollo de los registros contables en Italia. Estos factores eran el desconocimiento de la numeración arábiga y del papel, así como la precaria situación socioeconómica de muchas regiones italianas. Pese a ello, existían sin embargo numerosos monasterios benedictinos en casi todas las regiones y empresas mercantiles en las ciudades marítimas, como Venecia, Génova, Pisa, etc., que de una forma u otra llevaban sus contabilidades. El manuscrito Liber Abaci de Leonardo Pisano, terminado en 1202, introdujo la numeración arábiga en Italia y su lenta difusión contribuyó, poco a poco, a superar la dificultad que las operaciones aritméticas, sobre todo la multiplicación y la división, encontraban con la numeración romana. La primera fábrica de papel de Italia se estableció a finales del siglo XIII en la ciudad de Fabriano en la región de Las Marcas. Asimismo, ya en el siglo XIV se observa una creciente mejoría de las condiciones socioeconómicas en las regiones italianas más progresivas, con la aparición de un naciente capitalismo. En este mismo siglo comienzan a surgir contabilidades llevadas por partida doble, llegando la evolución del método a su plenitud con la aparición de los primeros libros Diarios conocidos, los de Andrea Barbarigo, en 1430. Cuando Luca Pacioli llega a Venecia en 1465 la partida doble había alcanzado ya su mayoría de edad. El trabajo prosigue con un estudio comparativo de las prácticas contables previas a la publicación del Tractatus XI de Luca Pacioli, contenido en su Summa de Arithmetica, seguidas en las principales regiones italianas: Venecia y sus territorios, Milán y la Lombardía, Génova y la Liguria, la Emilia-Romaña y la Toscana. Se describen las particularidades de los distintos tipos de contabilidad surgidos en cada una de estas regiones, señalando las similitudes y diferencias entre cada uno de ellos, así como sus respectivas aproximaciones a la partida doble. El artículo se detiene especialmente en la asignación que Federico Melis hace en exclusiva a la Toscana como descubridora de la contabilidad por partida doble. A estos efectos, estudia las características que Luca Pacioli atribuye a este método contable, por considerar que las mismas constituyen el paradigma de la partida doble. Luego se pasa revista a las diferencias existentes entre el modelo pacioliano y el propuesto por Federico Melis, diferencias que se considera son debidas a un excesivo provincianismo de este autor, empeñado en atribuir a la Toscana la paternidad de la contabilidad por partida doble, cuando en realidad parece que este método fue desarrollado casi simultáneamente en diversas regiones italianas. ABSTRACT The paper begins with a brief review of the principal factors that limited the development of accounting records in Italy at the turn of the 13 th century. These factors were the ignorance of Arabic numerals, the non-existence of paper and the precariousness of the socioeconomic conditions in many Italian regions. Despite these, the numerous monasteries found in almost all regions and the merchant enterprises in the main coastal cities, like Venice, Genoa, Pisa, etc., all kept some kind of accounting records. The handwritten Liber Abaci by Leonardo Pisano was finished in 1202 and introduced Arabic numerals in Italy; its gradual dissemination contributed, little by little, to overcome the difficulties posed by the use of Roman numerals in arithmetic calculations, above all multiplications and divisions. The first paper factory in Italy was established at the end of

Im vorliegenden Beitrag beschreibt der Verfasser die Vorgänge um die Prägung der Straßburger Klippentaler des Jahres 1592. In diesem Zusammenhang wird festgestellt, dass die Klippentaler durch die Stadt Straßburg geprägt und ausgegeben wurden. Abgeschlossen wird der Beitrag durch einen Katalog aller (bisher) bekannten Varianten der viertel, halben und ganzen Straßburger Talerklippen des Jahres 1592.

Il progetto Vestigia (2010-2015) e il sito vestigia.hu era volto a identificare, descrivere e raccogliere in una banca dati ragionata (vestigia.hu) i documenti di riferimento ungherese (piu' di 3200 unita') del periodo 1300 - 1550 negli archivi di stato di Milano e Modena, nonché nelle Biblioteche Estense Universitaria di Modena e Ambrosiana di Milano. Descrizione del progetto di ricerca con bibliografia degli studi e tesi pubblicati entro il 2015.