Medical Anthropology

In the Ayurveda medical system, diseases are further divided into Shareerika Roga and Manasaroga according to Adhistana. To manage all types of diseases, Chikitsa is divided into three categories namely, Daivavyapashraya, Yuktivyapashraya and Satvavajaya. Daivavyapashraya Chikisa includes measures to combat Daivakrit diseases. Yuktivyapasraya is a form of treatment based on the basic principles of Ayurveda and Satattvavajaya Chikisa can also control mind withdrawing from the unpleasant things. Ayurveda puts extra pressure on Sattvvajaya Chikisha and Daivavyapashraya Chikisa in managing Manovikaras. Among the Trividha chikitsa, Daivavyapashraya Chikisha has been mentioned earlier due to its "Ashukaritva". It works like Vyadhihara because of Devaprabhava. Satwavajaya Chikitsa is a unique non-pharmacological treatment for psychological disorders. Yuktivyapashraya has two types of treatment meaning internal and external. Inside contains Langhan and Brumhan treatments. The trea...

Organoleptic properties, and more specifically chemosensory cues, have been shown to guide therapeutic applications of medicinal plants. Humoral qualities, on the other hand, are widely believed to be an abstract concept, mainly applied post hoc to validate therapy. However, the nexus between humoral qualities, chemosensory properties, and medicinal plant uses has never been systematically assessed. To systematically analyse the correlations between chemosensory properties, humoral qualities, and medicinal uses of selected botanical drugs. The issue was approached experimentally via an organoleptic testing panel, consisting of Zoque healers in Chiapas, Mexico. The healers smelled and tasted 71 selected herbal drugs and subsequently commented on their humoral qualities and therapeutic uses. The resulting dataset is analysed for correlations between these variables using Bayesian statistics. Qualitative data on the characteristics and role of the hot-cold dichotomy complement the quan...

Dicle nehrinin kollari “Batman” ve “Garzan” caylari arasindaki havzada yer alan yore, tarih boyunca cesitli medeniyetlerin merkezi olmustur. Yorenin il merkezi konumundaki Batman sehrinin tarihi, Sumerlere kadar uzanmaktadir. Garzan ve Raman yoresinde, insanlarin bilimden uzak olunan devirlerde evren, evrendeki varlik ve olaylarla ilgili dusunce ve duygularinin birer simgesel anlatimi olan cesitli efsaneler ve halk inanislari bulunmaktadir. Gercus ilcesine bagli Cukuryurt koyunde anlatilan efsanede Meva ve Şamiko adli daglarin olusumu, birbirlerini seven, ancak cesitli nedenlerle kavusamayan âsiklarin yasami ile iliskilendirilir. Mereto Dagi ile ilgili efsane, “Tufan Efsaneleri”nden biri olarak halk belleginde konumlanir. Sason’da bulunan “delikli tas”la ilgili anlatilanlar, kutsal daglar ve orada yasayan sira disi varliklarla ilgili inanisin bir baska tezahurudur. Dag/tasla ilgili inanislarin nazardan korunma ya da buyusel yollu halk sagaltmalarinda da muhim bir islevi bulunmaktadi...

Conocimiento y construcción de ambientes de fraternidad con niñez afectada por el conflicto armado de la Reliquia y la Nohora en Villavicencio es una investigación social cualitativa de diseño participativo sobre los ambientes que envuelven la niñez afectada por el conflicto que vive Colombia ubicada en sectores marginales de la ciudad. Se buscó identificar y coconstruir los ambientes de la niñez en sus espacios de socialización primaria y secundaria de los participantes del proyecto. El trabajo partió de la visualización y caracterización de los ambientes circundantes, se desarrolló un proceso de trabajo directo con niñas, niños y jóvenes durante tres años buscando incidir en la transformación de los ambientes intrafamiliares y comunitarios y se culminó con el diseño de nuevos pasos para fortalecer el empoderamiento y liderazgo en sus contextos. Para la recolección de información se utilizaron técnicas e instrumentos de investigación: historias de vida, observación participante, en...

A profession exists that shares interests with medical anthropology and applied anthropology to promote health and well-being through everyday activities, meaningful routines, and social participation. The profession is occupational therapy. Increasing numbers of anthropologists have professional credentials as occupational therapists, or work with occupational therapists, and collaborate also with disability studies scholars and activists. They share a mission is to define and clear new pathways to health, well-being, and social justice.

Introduction: The application of structural competency and structural vulnerability to emergency medicine (EM) research has not been previously described despite EM researchers routinely engaging structurally vulnerable populations. The purpose of this study was to conduct a scoping review and consensus-building process to develop a structurally competent research approach and operational framework relevant to EM research. Methods: We conducted a scoping review focused on structural competency and structural vulnerability. Results of the review informed the development of a structural competency research framework that was presented throughout a multi-step consensus process culminating in the 2021 Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Consensus Conference. Feedback to the framework was incorporated throughout the conference. Results: The scoping review produced 291 articles with 123 articles relevant to EM research. All 123 articles underwent full-text review and data extraction f...

The study is aimed at the analysis of the etiological and eschatological layers of the narrative about the Covid-19 pandemic—dominant motifs, their genre distribution and genre framework conditioned interpretations, the mode of their transmission and transformation. The illness is seen as a cultural phenomenon, the mythological modelling of reality logic is activated in its interpretation, consequently enabling the inclusion of the elements which belong to ideologically different systems into the construction of its meaning. Starting from the global context, the research is directed especially at the analysis of the specific examples from Serbia. Firstly, the focus is placed on the reactions to the official stand on the animalistic origin of the virus. The entry into the eschatological narrative is seen through the prism of selected typical texts from the public media discourse and folklore which developed on different social networks. Finally, the paper gives an analysis of the paradigmatic narratives recorded in the fieldwork interviews.

The research evidence shows that war had many detrimental effects on the mental health, wellbeing, and social functioning of the people of Kosova, which is similar to the findings in many other postconflict societies. However, there are few studies focusing on the process of meaning-making of war experiences and their impacts on resilience and growth. This phenomenological study aimed to explore the lived war experiences of citizens of Kosova from the perspectives of three generations (grandparents, parents and children) through semistructured interviews, which were conducted with 37 participants. Thematic analysis revealed that the journey of the meaning-making of war experiences in Kosova is rather dynamic and reflects the context in which each generational cohort lived and grew. The findings provide a deeper understanding of the strategies used by each generation for meaning-making and how these strategies contributed to resilience and growth. The implications for mental health c...

Pierre-Esprit Radisson wrote an intensive, dramatic account of his exploration and trading voyages in the Great Lakes region in the mid 1600s, but is less read and less memorialized than John Smith, Samuel de Champlain, or Robert Cavelier de la Salle. This paper examines the first part of his manuscript narrative, held at the Bodleian Library in Oxford and first published in the 1880s. The episode, had it been widey distributed when Radisson first wrote it in London in the 1660s, might be known as a foundational text of the captivity genre, alongside Mary Rowlandson's of 1682. The obscurity of the text can also be attributed to Radisson's awkward English prose (he had been taught to read and write French), and his career as a mercenary moving back and forth between English and French empires.

Decidimos escrever esse artigo a quatro mãos por uma razão simples: apresentar dois lados da mesma história, a história dos desdobramentos da pesquisa durante a epidemia de Zika. Neste sentido, não somente expomos duas experiências como pesquisadoras em antropologia sobre a epidemia do vírus Zika, mas propomos mostrar como essas duas experiências e vivências revelam de alguma forma um sistema complexo atuando neste contexto específico e envolvendo descobertas científicas, financiamentos internacionais, concorrência de pesquisadores e de instituições, campo com mulheres, crianças vulneráveis e instituições de saúde, trajetórias de amostras biológicas, colaborações – as vezes assimétricas – entre científicos dos chamados ‘Sul e Norte’ do mundo. Esperamos dessa forma chegar a um retrato da Science in the making que proporcionará uma reflexividade a diferentes níveis sobre 1/ nossas práticas como pesquisadores em antropologia em tempos de crise e emergência, e 2/ os diversos significado...

 O artigo apresenta as primeiras elaborações de nossas observações e reflexões a partir das experiências provenientes do início da pesquisa “Etnografando Cuidados e Pensando Políticas de Saúde e Gestão de Serviços para Mulheres e Seus Filhos com Distúrbios Neurológicos Relacionados com Zika em Pernambuco, Brasil", que visa delinear diálogos que ocorrem entre pessoas inseridas, de um lado, em contextos de vida cotidiana dos/das cuidadores e cuidadoras de crianças com transtornos decorrentes do ZIKA e, de outro, em contextos de projetos e programas elaborados e executados por agentes do Estado e as políticas públicas que regem e articulam sistemas de atendimento, onde haja ações dirigidas a estes bebes e cuidadores. O que focamos no texto são as linhas tensoras que aparecem na mediação entre estes dois contextos a partir de duas associações de mães, nas quais estes temas subjazem o diálogo e se tornam visíveis em certos pontos de contato entre eles. Independente do grau de confli...