Landscape History

Nilay Ozlu Karaca, “The Making of Gülhane Park: From Royal Gardens to Public Spaces in Late Ottoman Istanbul”. In Spectacle, Entertainment, and Recreation in Late Ottoman and Early Turkish Republican Cities, Nilay Özlü Karaca and Seda Kula (eds.) Bristol, UK; Chicago, IL: Intellect Books (2023), 3-28.

Аннотация: В статье впервые реконструируются усадебная тема в творчестве Л. Н. Толстого в ее пересечении с темой войны. Показано, что усадьба в произведениях Толстого, посвященных войне и революционной борьбе, играет сюжетообразующую роль. На примере рассказов «Кавказский пленник», «Божеское и человеческое», романа-эпопеи «Война и мир» прослежен мотив
возвращения блудного сына в дом отца, его основные фазы «ухода» («обособления»), «испытания» и «возвращения» («обретения новых связей с миром»). Война в данной сюжетной схеме изображена как лименальное пространство  испытания, инициации души в пути возвращения в подлинный дом. Делается вывод о том, что образы идеальной усадьбы, дома у Толстого противопоставлены войне, связаны с библейскими мотивами райского сада, виноградника,
символизирующими «царство Божие». Заданная Толстым парадигма восприятия идеальной усадьбы как образа праведного хозяйствования и миротворчества, умирения страстей в служении Богу и людям, становится определяющей в изображении усадьбы во время войны в литературе XX в.
Ключевые слова: усадебный топос, усадебный миф, усадебный текст,
Л. Н. Толстой, А. Шопенгауэр, М. М. Пришвин, С. Н. Дурылин, Б. Л. Пастернак, мотив возвращения, блудный сын.

Received 29 July 2011 Received in revised form 22 November 2011 Accepted 25 November 2011 This study was conducted on 8 provinces (Adana, Antalya, Burdur, Hatay, Icel, Isparta, K. Maras and Osmaniye) located in Mediterranean region of Turkey. Data were collected from 198 freshwater trout farms by face to face survey technique in 2005. In the study, current status of trout farms was determined based on socio-economic indicators where solutions to the problems were suggested. In the context of this study, survey results indicate the characteristics of fish farmers demographically, socially and economically. The trout farmers are in the middle class age (66.5%), and educated at high school or below (78.3%). Trout farms are classified according to property ownership generally as private farm (76.8%). On the economic standpoint, farmers do fishery in concrete pools at land (87.9%) and the capacity of these pools vary from 2 to 16 tons (62.6%). Farmers use their own capital for their fina...

[PT] No marco das investigações que nos últimos sete anos se estão a desenvolver no lugar do Extremo (Arcos de Valdevez) pela Unidade de Arqueologia e o Lab2PT da UMinho, foi possível estabelecer fortes redes de cooperação com a comunidade local que se traduziram em uma série de atividades de tipo científico, patrimonial e educacional coordenadas entre os cientistas e os agentes locais. Em 2023 obtivemos o projeto exploratório IN2PAST Da terra à Terra. Conexões para Territórios Sustentáveis (Land-CST) (EXPL/In2Past/2023/09) cujos objetivos incluem o desenvolvimento de ferramentas metodológicas para o estudo da paisagem, em colaboração com a comunidade local, com a intenção de reverter o conhecimento gerado na sustentabilidade patrimonial deste território afetado pela emigração, o despovoamento ou o envelhecimento da população. Em 2023, com o objetivo de transcender o olhar localizado neste território, convergiremos com as investigações desenvolvidas por outras equipas arqueológicas que centram o seu olhar nas paisagens rurais da época moderna e contemporânea. Em colaboração com o projeto Lectura arqueológica de tiempos largos sobre la formación de los paisajes rurales en el Noroeste ibérico (LEIRA) desenvolvido pelo Instituto de Ciencias do Patrimonio (INCIPIT-CSIC), iremos realizar um workshop para discutir metodologias de leitura arqueológica da paisagem e a reversão dos resultados em projetos co-construídos com as comunidades locais. Esta segunda parte, no sábado dia 28, será dedicada a desenvolver em Extremo várias atividades partilhadas entre os cientistas e os habitantes da aldeia.

https://achcbyz.com/fr/accueil/65-larbre-et-le-bois-dans-legypte-greco-romaine.html

Immense désert scindé en deux par la vallée du Nil, l’Égypte n’est certes pas de ces pays réputés pour leurs ressources forestières. Pourtant, loin des clichés faisant de l’Égypte un importateur massif des cèdres du Liban, la documentation grecque issue de ses sables permet de considérer sous un jour nouveau l’importance des essences locales dans le fonctionnement du pays tout au long du millénaire couvert par les sources papyrologiques.

Faisant dialoguer sources textuelles anciennes et vestiges archéobotaniques, l’ouvrage livre les enquêtes cherchant à restituer la nature de ces essences locales sous le voile de leur nom dans le grec d’Égypte. C’est alors à travers les instantanés de vie que nous livrent les papyrus qu’il est possible de tenter de reconstituer, pas à pas, la place de ces arbres dans le paysage, les moyens alloués à leur gestion par les autorités, les compléments issus de l’importation et encore les modes d’exploitation du matériau visant à satisfaire les besoins en bois d’oeuvre, de construction ou en combustible.

Os objetos artísticos, depois de inseridos no espaço institucionalizado dos museus e exposições, assumem uma nova historicidade que se sobrepõe, ora revelando, ora obscurecendo sua existência anterior. Em 1961, um técnico do IPHAN encontrou um trono com cornija ricamente entalhada e atribuiu-a ao escultor Antônio Francisco Lisboa, o Aleijadinho. Outro técnico do IPHAN, em 1978, estendeu a autoria para o trono como um todo e para um grupo de cadeiras. Os móveis passaram a ser expostos no Museu de Arte Sacra da Arquidiocese de Mariana, e apenas uma das cadeiras fora doada ao Museu da Inconfidência de Ouro Preto. Em 1978, estes móveis compuseram a primeira exposição exclusivamente dedicada a Aleijadinho, como comemoração dos trinta anos do MAM do Rio de Janeiro. As mudanças, em termos de atribuição e de atenção museológica, influenciaram passo a passo o enfoque museográfico.

Otricoli, the ancient Ocriculum, since its birth was a city composed by several settlements both urban and rural, residential and productive, fortified and completely devoid of fortifications. Its position on the convergence of two communication route, Tiber and via Flaminia, was the cause of huge richness for the city, but also it was the cause of several problem for the control over the territory.

In ad 1362, a major storm surge drowned wide areas of cultivated medieval marshland along the north‐western coast of Germany and turned them into tidal flats. This study presents a new methodological approach for the reconstruction of changing coastal landscapes developed from a study site in the Wadden Sea of North Frisia. Initially, we deciphered long‐term as well as event‐related short‐term geomorphological changes, using a geoscientific standard approach of vibracoring, analyses of sedimentary, geochemical and microfaunal palaeoenvironmental parameters and radiocarbon dating. In a next step, Direct Push (DP)‐based Cone Penetration Testing (CPT) and the Hydraulic Profiling Tool (HPT) were applied at vibracore locations to obtain in situ high‐resolution stratigraphic data. In a last step, multivariate linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was successfully applied to efficiently identify different sedimentary facies (e.g., fossil marsh or tidal flat deposits) from the CPT and HPT test...

Van Turnhoutervoorde tot Strienemonde
Ontginnings- en nederzettingsgeschiedenis van het noordwesten van het Maas - Schelde – Demergebied. 400 – 1350. Een poging tot synthese

Thesis, 1996 Amsterdam

This book concerns the occupation- and settlement history in the early en full middle-ages of the region between Antwerp, Turn¬hout, Geertrui¬denberg, West¬maas and Bergen op Zoom. This region includes the northwestern part of the former duchy of Brabant and the southern rim of the ancient county of Holland. 37 Procent of the studied area belongs now to the Belgian province of Antwerp and the rest to the Dutch provinces North-Brabant (55%), South-Holland and Zeeland.

This study is of interest to anyone who wants to have an overall picture of the settlement- and occupation history of the Netherlands as a whole regarding the interaction between man and nature. This study is also important for those who want to explore the medieval history of other regions using the research methods developed in this thesis. Our work gives a framework in which to place the results of the often haphazard crisis archeological research. Futhermore the protection of certain elements in the landscape may be furthered by the description of their func¬tion and cohesion given here. And naturally the book is interesting for everyone who is interested in the broader history of his of her own town, village and region.

In the Viking Age, the period around 800 to around 900, today's reclaimed sea clay landscape of Friesland was no more than an expanse of salt marshes. These salt marshes were covered with salt-tolerant plants on the lower reaches, but plants like dandelions and daisies also grew on the higher areas. The landscape was interspersed with marsh creeks.

Il convegno internazionale RACCONTARE IL PAESAGGIO. Fotografia, fototesto, letteratura, performance, pittiura, videoarte si svolgerà al termine della mostra organizzata presso Palazzo Ducale, che mette in scena il progetto fotografico Il Bel Paese di Stefano De Luigi, vincitore di Strategia Fotografia 2022 promosso dalla Direzione Generale Creatività Contemporanea del Ministero della Cultura. La mostra, aperta al pubblico fino al 15 ottobre 2023, è stata realizzata con il contributo scientifico del DIRAAS e dell’Archivio di Arte Contemporanea UniGe.

Il racconto del paesaggio contemporaneo sarà l’oggetto dei contributi scientifici di studiosi italiani e stranieri, esperti degli ambiti disciplinari previsti e della rappresentazione dello spazio naturale e urbano. Il paesaggio è ormai inteso come un luogo di relazione dell’individuo con l’ambiente che lo circonda. Il rapporto del soggetto con il paesaggio si instaura attraverso l’osservazione e si concretizza nella riproduzione artistica, nella ri-creazione dei luoghi, naturali o artificiali, attraverso l’opera d’arte. Possiamo considerare dunque che gli artisti contemporanei non intendano il paesaggio come sfondo sul quale si svolgono le vicende umane o come luogo mitico dove si possano realizzare sogni e aspettative, ma come spazio dove si sviluppano le esperienze degli individui. Lo spazio che ci circonda diventa un compagno e una testimone delle nostre azioni, anche quando esso non rappresenta più luoghi ideali ma spazi corrotti e degenerati.
Lo sguardo che si pone sul paesaggio e la maniera con cui l’artista tratta lo spazio e lo riporta nell’opera sarà l’oggetto principale delle riflessioni che si svolgeranno durante l’evento scientifico. Il punto di vista di esperti italiani e stranieri su queste problematiche e il dialogo con gli artisti consentirà di mettere a confronto aspetti diversi, ambiti di creazione artistica e medium utilizzati: fotografia, fototesto, letteratura e video arte.

We present insights into economic trends, manufacturing traditions and daily food practices across the Aegean region during the relatively poorly understood 7th-9th centuries AD. The data have been studied as part of the intensive systematic survey by the ‘Apalirou Environs Project’ (AEP), which investigates the historic landscape dominated by the Byzantine fortification of Kastro Apalirou, on the island of Naxos (Greece). The analysis and interpretation of ceramics, set in the context of an increasing body of evidence for the vibrant Early Medieval communities populating the island, demonstrates the significant role of Naxos in interregional maritime networks during this period.

Converging chevron pavement markings have recently seen rising interest in the United States as a means to reduce speeds at high-speed locations and improve safety performance. This paper reports on an investigation into the effectiveness of chevron markings in reducing vehicle speeds on two-lane freeway-to-freeway directional ramps in Atlanta, Georgia. The evaluation is based on a statistical comparison at preselected sites of speeds before and after the installation of the chevron markings. The analysis focuses on the effect of converging chevrons over the range of speed percentiles and on the mean speed. The analysis indicates that chevrons have a minimal effect on vehicle speeds, with drivers adjusting back to their previous speeds as they acclimate to the treatment. The effect of the chevrons’ treatments on speed tended to be most pronounced immediately after the chevron implementation. However, by the 9th month after implementation the magnitude of the effect dropped to under ...