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Textile, the culture of clothing and fashion : the collected volume of the symposium Museoeurope 6
Clothes, footwear and other gear used by visitors to the mountains in Slovenia in the 19th and first half of 20th century2019 •
ABSTRACT The article presents the main characteristics of mountaineering gear, footwear and clothes used in the 19th and first half of the 20th century in Slovenia. The development can be roughly divided into two periods – the period before specialized gear, clothes and footwear, and the period of specialized mountaineering gear, clothes and footwear. The first period mostly coincides with the time when only individuals went to the mountains and mountaineering was not yet organized. The second period is characterized by the emergence of specialized mountaineering gear, clothes and footwear; due to mass visits to the mountains, it gave rise to a special industry. KEYWORDS mountaineering, mountaineering gear, mountaineering footwear, mountaineering clothes, Alps
IGRA USTVARJALNOSTI (IU) – teorija in praksa urejanja prostora CREATIVITY GAME (CG) – Theory and Practice of Spatial Planning
National “marking” of Slovenian mountains before World War I2018 •
In the second half of the 19th century, Slovenian mountains became increasingly popular. By strengthening the bourgeoisie and the industrial society, more and more people had time (“leisure time”) to visit the mountains. This was, however, also the time after the Spring of Nations (1848), when slovenianism is affirmed and national aspirations become realized. By mountaineering, national aspirations were moved from towns to high mountains and were particularly evident in the form of a competition to conquer the summits, build trails and huts. Mountaineering became a tool for a symbolical conquest of mountains. One could say that it was a race of “marking” the mountains. The central area of this competition were the Julian Alps, particularly their central part, the Triglav mountain range. From the last quarter of the 19th century, the “marking” champions were the main two German organizations (present in Slovenian territory through their branches since 1874), the German-Austrian Alpine Society (DÖAV), and the Austrian Tourist Club (ÖTC). Together they developed a network of shelters and mountain trails that were marked exclusively with German inscriptions (signboards, hut names, etc.). Towards the end of the 19th century (1893), the Slovenes founded their own Slovene Mountaineering Society (SPD) as well, resisting the German branding. By using Slovenian names, constructing trails and employing a different way of marking them, and building Slovenian huts, they wanted to prevent the Germans from conquering the mountains they deemed Slovene. A race in constructing the alpine infrastructure started, which eventually turned into arguments. The latter included destruction of property, as well as physical confrontations, which were later called “the battle for the mountains”. The greatest success of the Slovenian side was the purchase of the Triglav summit (1895), where the priest Jakob Aljaž built a tower - the highest Slovenian marking. KEY-WORDS Triglav, mountaineering, territory marking, hut building, Slovene Mountaineering Society, German-Austrian Alpine Society
The present-day Slovenian Alps aroused the interest of individual domestic and international natural scientists in the 18th century mostly due to the richness of their flora, fauna and geological features. Giovanni Antonio Scopoli, Baltazar (Belsazar) Hacquet and Žiga (Sigismund) Zois are credited with the discovery of these summits. At the end of the 18th century, Triglav, which was at the time already considered the highest mountain of the region, became the focal point of Hacquet’s research. His first attempt to ascend Triglav took place in 1777, however, he only reached the summit of Mali Triglav. ”Four brave men” undertook the first recorded ascent of the summit of Triglav in the framework of Baron Zois’ expedition as early as the following year.
ABSOLUTNO DATIRANJE BRONASTE IN ŽELEZNE DOBE NA SLOVENSKEM ABSOLUTE DATING OF THE BRONZE AND IRON AGES IN SLOVENIA (ur./eds. Biba Teržan, Matija Črešnar). Katalogi in monografije 40, Narodni muzej Slovenije
Štanjel2014 •
The article deals with the archaeological material from the archaeological excavations made in 2010 inside the Štanjel castle. The excavated cellar was probably part of a bigger building inside which were the living and the working area. Ceramics analysis shows that this basement was used in the early Iron Age (6th –5th century BC). Radiocarbon dating gives date of the basement’s collapse at the turn of the 4th century BC.
See: http://www.interarch-steiermark.eu
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