Economic policy

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This paper relies on information obtained from focal group discussions with 26 women involved in farming in four villages in the Sindh province of Pakistan. The sample was drawn from poor households possessing little or virtually no land. Focus group data were collected by using a semi-structured questionnaire. The main purpose of this paper is to identify factors that favour or impede these women taking of agricultural loans for development. The findings indicate that only women in one village had taken loans for the purpose of advancing agriculture. Distinct from other villages, the women in this village had developed strong social networks and were politically quite active. In the village Gagri, the presence of social capital played a major role in agricultural development and alleviated the poverty of their households. In the other villages, the poverty of the households of females participating in the focal focus group discussions remained entrenched. These women seemingly foll...

The Challenge of Socio-Economic Coherence for Poland's Economic Policy in Context of Transformation Processes The article focuses on Polish socio-economic coherency in the European and regional context during post WWII period. The author argues that the source of this incoherency are faulty mechanisms, its economic, social and regional policies which were before the transformation based on central coordination of strategies and later, prior to Polish membership in the EU, due to autonomic processes. Much of the weaknesses after accession of Polan to the EU have been due to mixed policies practiced. This has been based on competitive harmony in which economic, social and territorial coherence that is augmented by open coordination methods at union, national, regional and sub-regional levels. It is not sufficient applying socio-economic coherence to processes of eliminating disproportions existing in regional development. Their practical utility requires taking cognizance of the s...

While many political scientists and diplomatic historians see the Bush presidency as a distinctive epoch in American foreign policy, we argue that there was no Bush Doctrine in foreign economic policy. The Bush administration sought to advance a free trade agenda but could not avoid the use of protectionist measures at home -- just like its predecessors. It foreswore bailouts

IVIE working papers offer in advance the results of economic research under way in order to encourage a discussion process before sending them to scientific journals for their final publication. * This paper has been supported by the ESRC under the grant no. R000230326. The first author is also grateful

The paper presents a two-period Walrasian financial market model composed of informed and uninformed rational investors, and noise traders. The rational investors maximize second period consumption utility from the payoffs of trading risk-free holdings to risky assets in the first period. The central bank reacts directly to asset price movements by selling or buying assets to stabilize the market price. It is found that the intervention makes the risky asset’s market price per share less sensitive to information shocks, which presses the market price towards its average price thus reducing price variance. The informed investors’ prediction coefficient remains unaffected, but that of the uninformed investors is magnified, which cancels out the negative effect on shock sensitivity thus keeping the expected value of the risky asset’s dividend constant. Finally, the introduction of the policy rule does not affect rational investors’ risk per share. A general conclusion is that the centr...

Este artigo apresenta uma metodologia simplificada de estimação, em bases trimestrais, das transferências governamentais e da carga tributária líquida da economia brasileira no período 1995-2009. O artigo descreve, ainda, os principais fatos estilizados observados no comportamento das referidas séries (e de desagregações relevantes destas) no período em questão, chamando a atenção para o fato de que o perfil distributivo das transferências de assistência e previdência do governo parece ter melhorado nos últimos anos.142209235This paper presents a simplified methodology for estimating quarterly figures for both the Brazilian government transfers and net aggregate tax burden in the 1995-2009 years. It also describes the main stylized facts observed in the data in this period, calling attention to the fact that Brazilian government transfers apparently have become more progressive in recent year

The notion of sustainable development in a line with local economic development emerged in the seventies of the 20th century when local authorities in the western countries realized that their local communities had begun abandoning mobile capital, which resulted in limiting their economic potentials and opportunities for citizens' employment. This necessitated both a detailed study of the local economic potentials, the determination of best ways to use, maintain and develop them, and a thorough examination of the impediments to the local community's economic development. Local economic development is also seen as a process of certain changes, where, in the competition for the market, economic and country dominance, local governments, despite their status as the lowest level of public administration, are recognized as competitors in the market and, in collaboration with the economic sector, try to be more innovative and more competitive among them.

La planificación territorial en Perú es una política que ha recorrido un sinuoso proceso a lo largo de siete décadas de existencia sin que se haya consolidado como un instrumento orientador para el desarrollo del Perú. El objetivo de este estudio consistió en el análisis del proceso de planificación en el país a través del tiempo, prestando especial atención a los logros y las deficiencias que ha presentado en su recorrido histórico. La metodología utilizada en el estudio se basó en la revisión documental y normativa. Del análisis se desprende que el proceso de planificación en Perú se ha desarrollado en cuatro periodos importantes, denominados incipiente, apogeo, crisis y reinicio, cada uno de los cuales está intrínsecamente ligado a los acontecimientos políticos y socioeconómicos del país.